CSMO 2014 :S-1或为晚期非小细胞肺癌治疗新选择

2014-07-09 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院 郝学志 医学论坛网

在7月4日的第八届中国肿瘤内科大会会上,中国医学科学院肿瘤医院的郝学志教授介绍了S-1治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的情况。肺癌是目前发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,其中非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)是主要的类型,晚期NSCLC占新发患者的60%以上。近三十年来,晚期NSCLC的治疗从最初顺铂单药到含铂的双药方案,与铂类配伍的化疗药物从VP-16到长春瑞滨、吉西他滨,再到紫杉类和培美曲塞(限腺癌患者)。近年的

在7月4日的第八届中国肿瘤内科大会会上,中国医学科学院肿瘤医院的郝学志教授介绍了S-1治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的情况。肺癌是目前发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,其中非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)是主要的类型,晚期NSCLC占新发患者的60%以上。近三十年来,晚期NSCLC的治疗从最初顺铂单药到含铂的双药方案,与铂类配伍的化疗药物从VP-16到长春瑞滨、吉西他滨,再到紫杉类和培美曲塞(限腺癌患者)。近年的EGFR-TKI和单抗类靶向药物在晚期NSCLC中也取得了良好的疗效,但前者仅限于EGFR突变阳性的患者,后者仍需与化疗联合。因此,化疗是治疗晚期NSCLC的主要支柱,但现有的含铂双药方案总体疗效无显著差异,而带来的不良反应却严重影响着患者的生活质量,仍有改善的空间。

S-1一线治疗晚期肺癌

2004日本厚生省批准了S-1用于肺癌的治疗,日本的临床研究者随即开展了多项关于S-1与铂类药物联合方案一线治疗NSCLC的临床研究。LETS研究是一项多中心、随机、非劣效性Ⅲ期临床试验。结果显示,S-1联合卡铂(S-1\Cab)一线治疗NSCLC在OS方面不劣于紫杉醇联合卡铂(Ptx\Cab) ,分别为15.3个月和13.3个月(HR:0.928;99.2% CI:0.671~1.283),中位PFS分别为4.1个月和4.7个月(HR:0.998;95% CI:0.837~1.190)。S-1\Cab组3/4级白细胞减少、中性粒细胞减少、发热性中性粒细胞减少以及脱发、感觉神经系统障碍的发生率均显著低于Ptx\Cab组。亚组分析显示,对于肺鳞癌S-1\Cab 组生存优势显著,两组的中位OS分别为14.1个月和10.2个月(HR:0.755;95% CI:0.449~1.270)。CATS研究是另一项多中心、随机、非劣效性Ⅲ期临床试验,比较一线化疗方案多西他赛联合顺铂(DP)与S-1联合顺铂(SP)的疗效和安全性。生存分析结果显示非劣效达成,SP组和DP组患者的中位OS分别为16.1个月和17.1个月(HR:1.013,96.4% CI 0.837~1.227),两组中位PFS分别为4.9 个月和 5.2个月。毒副反应方面SP组的毒性明显低于DP组:两组发热性中性粒细胞减少发生率分别为1.0%和7.4%,3/4级中性粒细胞减少发生率分别为22.9%和73.4%,3/4级感染发生率分别为5.3%和14.5%。以上2项研究证实S-`1联合铂类方案与目前一线标准方案疗效相当,但安全性优势显著,且给药便利,可作为NSCLC一线治疗的新选择。

我院牵头开展的S-1肺癌注册临床研究(SC-103)与CATS研究设计相似,共入组246例患者,证实了SP方案一线治疗中国晚期NSCLC的疗效同样非劣于DP方案,安全性优势显著,并且对于肺鳞癌疗效更优。现已完成随访和数据分析,结果将在今年CSCO会议上公布。

S-1二线治疗晚期肺癌

除一线治疗外,多项II期临床研究探讨了S-1作为复治性晚期NSCLC治疗的疗效和安全性。结果显示,S-1单药治疗复治晚期NSCLC的中位OS在10.2个月到12.1个月,ORR约20%左右,且患者的不良反应较传统的多西紫杉醇等方案显著降低。我院参与的一项国际多中心III期研究(EAST-LC),计划入组1200例晚期NSCLC复治患者(既往接受过小于2个化疗方案且至少一个含铂方案),头对头比较S-1与多西他赛的疗效和安全性,结果值得期待。

总之,S-1作为一种口服的氟尿嘧啶类药物,在晚期NSCLC治疗中显示出了良好的疗效。同时,口服给药方便,不良反应较紫杉类等传统静脉药物也明显降低,对于晚期非小细胞肺癌特别是鳞癌患者及耐受较差的老年患者是一种较好的一线治疗选择,S-1单药用于二线治疗也更为安全、便利。

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    2015-02-27 xiaoai5777

    好,有收获

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    2015-02-01 liuhuangbo
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摘要号:#TPS8122 第一作者:周清,广东省人民医院肿瘤内科 标题:AUY922, BYL719, INC280, LDK378, 和 MEK162等单药治疗中国非小细胞肺癌患者II期临床群集试验 背景:晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的管理治疗已走向个体化肿瘤表型(基于特异的肿瘤发生因素)治疗方向。大多数具有分子特征的肺腺瘤患者都可能从靶向治疗中获益。本试

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背 景:个体受试者数据荟萃分析证实,术后化疗可提高非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的存活率。本研究旨在开展个体受试者数据系统回顾及荟萃分析以明确术前化疗在可手术切除的NSCLC患者中的效应。方 法:系统性检索了1965年1月后开展的试验,集中收集了最新的个体受试者资料并对其进行了核对和分析。采用两阶段固定效应模型将单项随机对照试验(包括已发表和未发表的)结果进行合并。本试验的主要结局——总体存活期,

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miR-155高表达不利于手术切除的pIII期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)的总体生存,并且与淋巴结转移度正相关。MiR-155可作为评价pIII期NSCLC预后的生物标志物。该研究结果发表于《中国肺癌杂志》2014年第5期上。 pIII期NSCLC患者5年生存率低于25%,需要寻找新的预后标志物,指导患者个体化治疗。MiR-155在许多肿瘤中

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40%的肺癌患者都不会对阻断肿瘤生长的靶向性疗法产生反应,这也是临床医生们长期以来比较疑惑的一个问题,近日,来自乔治敦大学癌症中心等处的研究人员通过研究揭示了肺癌内在性耐药发生的原因,并且为开发新型药物来逆转这种肺癌耐药性提供了一定的思路,相关研究成果刊登于国际杂志the Journal of Clinical Investigation上。【原文下载】 这项研究中,研究者发现生