Cell Rep:揭示非酒精性脂肪性肝炎发病免疫机制

2019-01-13 佚名 北京友谊医院

近期,北京友谊医院实验中心张栋教授与普外科张忠涛教授团队联合在《Cell Reports》上发表题为“OX40 Regulates Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity and Promotes Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis”的论文。研究团队通过动物实验和临床验证,揭示了免疫共刺激分子OX40可同时活化肝内适应性及固有免疫细胞,促进肝内炎症

近期,北京友谊医院实验中心张栋教授与普外科张忠涛教授团队联合在《Cell Reports》上发表题为“OX40 Regulates Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity and Promotes Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis”的论文。研究团队通过动物实验和临床验证,揭示了免疫共刺激分子OX40可同时活化肝内适应性及固有免疫细胞,促进肝内炎症反应,从而导致非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的发生和发展。

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是最常见的肝脏疾病,发病率逐年增长,患者已超过全球总人数的20%。10-30%的NAFLD可进展为NASH。NASH患者发生肝纤维化、肝硬化乃至肝细胞癌的风险较高,同时发生血管意外的几率也明显增加。已有研究证明,免疫炎症反应在NASH发生发展中起重要作用。免疫共刺激分子OX40是参与免疫炎症反应的重要因子,主要表达在适应性免疫细胞T细胞表面,而其配体OX40L在树突状细胞、单核巨噬细胞等固有免疫细胞上均有表达。OX40L-OX40相互作用,是促进免疫反应的重要途经之一。而在NASH发病进程中,固有免疫和适应性免疫均参与了肝内炎症反应进程,但二者是否以OX40/OX40L信号为桥梁相互作用共同推进NASH的发病,还有待深入研究。

为此,研究人员围绕NASH发病进程中免疫共刺激信号OX40/OX40L的作用开展了相关研究。研究团队发现在不同饮食诱导的小鼠NASH模型中,肝脏适应性免疫T淋巴细胞(特别是CD4 T细胞)表面及小鼠血浆中,OX40水平均明显增加,而敲除OX40的小鼠,NASH发病得到显着改善,提示OX40对NASH的发病进程起到了重要的调控作用。进一步研究发现,在小鼠NASH发病过程中,作为T细胞共刺激分子的OX40,不但能调控肝内CD4 T淋巴细胞的增殖活化和Th1分化,还可以直接作用于肝内固有免疫细胞-单核巨噬细胞,上调其OX40L表达,进而促进其炎症因子的释放、抗原递呈分子(如MHC II、CD40等)的表达及M1型促炎巨噬细胞向肝内炎症部位的募集,从而加重了肝脏免疫损伤。研究团队还发现,血浆OX40水平的升高,可以通过OX40/OX40L信号活化全身多部位的免疫细胞,促进了以肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和脂肪肝为主要表现的全身性代谢综合征的发生和发展。随后,研究人员通过对NASH患者的研究也证实,患者血浆中OX40的含量与NASH的发病进程具有明显的正相关性,提示OX40是NASH发病进程的关键因子。

该研究揭示了在NASH发病中,OX40扮演了重要角色,通过促进T淋巴细胞和单核巨噬细胞的成熟活化,调控免疫炎症反应,加速疾病的进程。这对于探寻NASH新的治疗手段,开发新的防治药物,降低NASH的患病率并改善其预后均有重要的临床指导意义。

原始出处:

Sun G,et al.OX40 Regulates Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity and Promotes Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.Cell Rep. 2018 Dec 26;25(13):3786-3799.e4.

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    2019-01-15 zhaojie88
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    2019-03-26 qjddjq
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