JASN:透析前慢性肾功能不全患者体重指数和代谢参数变化的预后意义

2021-11-03 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

由于CKD的发展和预后与高血压和糖尿病密切相关,而体质量指数(BMI)被认为是CKD人群中具有预后意义的重要临床因素,与高血压和糖尿病密切相关。

由于CKD的发展和预后与高血压和糖尿病密切相关,而体质量指数(BMI)被认为是CKD人群中具有预后意义的重要临床因素,与高血压和糖尿病密切相关。由于BMI和代谢综合征状态在一般人群中是动态变化的,最近的人群规模证据表明,BMI和代谢综合征成分的可变性对包括肾功能损害在内的各种不良结局具有明显的预后意义。据报道,较高的BMI可变性或体重变化会增加脂肪成分或反映代谢不稳定,并与更高的血管疾病风险和死亡率相关。然而,包括CKD患者在内的大型研究很少在重要健康结果的背景下调查BMI或代谢参数变异性的预后意义。这些证据将鼓励医生关注BMI和代谢状态的近期变化趋势,将有助于临床医生更好地解释CKD人群中重要的临床参数。

方法:在韩国国家健康筛查数据库的基础上进行回顾性观察研究,我们确定了接受3次健康筛查的患者,其中包括持续性透析前CKD患者(EGFR<60ml/min/1.73m2或试纸白蛋白尿≥1例)。根据每次健康筛查访问时计算的BMI来确定BMI的变化。健康筛查还包括实验室测试和腰围测量,以评估主要的代谢综合征成分。透析前慢性肾功能不全可根据血肌酐水平和试纸蛋白尿(每1年一次健康筛查时测量)和保险代码指定的ESKD事件来识别。在每一次健康筛查中,每隔1年测量一次血肌酐水平和试纸尿白蛋白,以确定透析前慢性肾功能不全。研究结果和病史是从数据库中收集的。在基线评估之前,研究暴露于BMI或代谢参数的变化,计算为独立于平均值的变化,并根据四分位数分层(Q4为最高四分位,Q1为最低)。我们使用COX回归对不同的临床特征进行校正,以分析全因死亡率和发生心肌梗死、卒中和KRT的风险。

结果:本研究纳入84636例透析前CKD患者。Q4与Q1相比,较高的体重指数变化与全因死亡率(危险比,1.66;95%可信区间[95%CI],1.5-1.81),P[趋势]<0.001,KRT(HR,1.2;95%CI,1.09-1.33;P<0.001)、心肌梗死(HR,1.19;95%CI,1.05-1.36,P50.003)和卒中(HR,1.19;95%CI,1.09至1.33;P<0.001)的风险显著相关。95%CI,1.07~1.33,P50.01)。在暴露评估期间,根据BMI增高或下降趋势划分的亚组中,结果是相似的。某些代谢综合征成分(如空腹血糖)的变化也与透析前CKD患者的预后显著相关。代谢综合征成分数量多、变异性大的患者预后较差。

图 调整后的生存曲线显示研究结果的累积风险。轴表示累积调整后的发病概率,轴表示时间(年)。生存曲线按BMI变异性四分位数分层(黑色:Q1,低变异性;红色:Q2;绿色:Q3;蓝色:Q4,高变异性)。生存表显示在调整后的生存曲线下面。在暴露评估期间,根据年龄、性别、检查次数、当前吸烟、饮酒、定期体力活动、低收入状况、糖尿病史、高血压、血脂异常、癌症、慢性肺部疾病、基线BMI、腰围、空腹血糖、收缩压、舒张压、高密度脂蛋白、基线EGFR、有无试纸蛋白尿和EGFR变异性进行了调整。

表1 透析前CKD患者根据体重指数变异性(VIM)判断不良结局的风险

表2 根据体重指数变化对透析前慢性肾脏病患者不良结局的风险进行分层

表3 透析前CKD患者各项代谢参数变化对预后的意义

结论:透析前CKD患者体重指数(BMI)和某些代谢综合征成分变异程度越高,预后越差。

原文出处:

Park S,  Cho S,  Lee S,et al.The Prognostic Significance of Body Mass Index and Metabolic Parameter Variabilities in Predialysis CKD: A Nationwide Observational Cohort Study.J Am Soc Nephrol 2021 Aug 12

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    2021-12-27 chenhongpeng
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    2022-02-09 ms5000001508655942

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    2022-10-14 yese
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