院内发生卒中的患者预后差!北京协和医院研究

2022-07-06 中国循环杂志 网络

能够自理发生率较低,住院死亡率较高。

院内卒中占所有卒中的4%~17%,因其他疾病住院期间发生的卒中及院内卒中发生率不低,多有多种病因、侵入性操作和总体状况较差的基础疾病,导致院内卒中的识别和治疗不及时。

中国医学科学院北京协和医院学者发表研究称,与社区发病卒中相比,院内卒中患者的紧急治疗不足,预后较差。

研究者回顾性分析了2012年6月至2022年1月的1162例卒中患者,其中193例(16.6%)发生院内卒中患者,969例(83.4%)为社区发病的卒中患者。

与社区发病的卒中患者相比,院内卒中患者起病时神经受损严重。

与社区发病的卒中患者相比,院内卒中患者心脏栓塞(18% vs.8%)和其他确定病因(38% vs.13%)的比例更高。从首次入院到卒中发作的中位时间为5天。

此外,院内卒中患者偏头痛病史、癌症以及长期口避孕药更多见。而且,院内卒中患者的炎症和凝血指标异常更常见,包括ESR、hs-CRP和D-二聚体水平升高。

此外,院内卒中患者有较高的血栓发生率,抗磷脂抗体阳性率较低。

在治疗方面,院内卒中患者血管内治疗的使用率较高,但r-tPA治疗使用率较低。

抗凝治疗更常用于院内卒中患者,而抗血小板治疗和他汀类药物(50%对82%)更常用于社区发病的卒中患者。

院内卒中患者不用r-tPA溶栓治疗是有禁忌症(51.6%),其他原因包括超过时间窗(34.2%)、患者或亲属拒绝静脉溶栓(6.3%)和无指征(5.6%)。

与社区发病的卒中患者相比,院内卒中患者的总体预后较差。能够自理发生率较低,住院死亡率较高(6.2% vs. 1.7%),出院时神经受损无差异。

来源:Comparing characteristics and outcomes of in-hospital stroke and community-onset stroke. J Neurol. 2022 Jul 2.

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