Lancet Oncol:Buparlisib联合内分泌治疗HR+/HER2-患者带来生存改善

2017-06-12 佚名 肿瘤资讯

激素受体阳性(HR+)乳腺癌是最常见的乳腺癌类型,内分泌治疗是HR+乳腺癌治疗的基石。在HR+乳腺癌患者中,PI3KCA突变可能阶段内分泌耐药。早期研究提示Buparlisib联合氟维司群用于内分泌耐药的HR+/HER2-患者,耐受性可,可见初步疗效。III期BELLE-2研究进一步评估了这一方案的疗效价值。

激素受体阳性(HR+)乳腺癌是最常见的乳腺癌类型,内分泌治疗是HR+乳腺癌治疗的基石。在HR+乳腺癌患者中,PI3KCA突变可能阶段内分泌耐药。早期研究提示Buparlisib联合氟维司群用于内分泌耐药的HR+/HER2-患者,耐受性可,可见初步疗效。III期BELLE-2研究进一步评估了这一方案的疗效价值。

背景

近年来的研究显示,HR+乳腺癌是一类异质性很大的肿瘤,不同的基因特征影响其治疗的疗效,但不同肿瘤独特的基因突变谱,也提示其可能从靶向治疗中获益。在HR+乳腺癌患者中,PI3KCA(编码PI3K激酶的p110α异构体)突变非常常见,其可能介导内分泌治疗耐药,因此对于内分泌治疗进展的患者,靶向PI3K可能为潜在的治疗策略。

早期试验中,PI3K抑制剂单独用于内分泌耐药患者,活性较低。后续研究发现,耐药患者中还同时存在ESR1突变等,增强ER通路的活化,联合应用PI3K抑制剂和ER拮抗剂氟维司群,可产生协同抗肿瘤作用。III期研究BOLERO-2显示,mTOR抑制剂依维莫司联合依西美坦用于内分泌治疗进展后的HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌显示出很好的疗效,然而mTOR的激活机制非常复杂,仅部分依赖于PI3K。Buparlisib(BKM120)是口服泛-PI3K抑制剂,可以靶向I型PI3K的4个异构体(α,β,γ,δ)。动物实验显示Buparlisib联合氟维司群可显着抑制HR+乳腺癌生长。I期研究也显示这一组合方案,耐受性好,且看到了初步疗效。III期研究BELLE-2旨在绝经后AI耐药的HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌中,评估Buparlisib联合氟维司群的疗效和安全性,并探索PI3K通路激活状态能否作为疗效预测指标。

方法

这一研究入组了绝经后,年龄≥18岁,组织学或细胞学确认的HR+/HER2-乳腺癌,且能够获取足够的肿瘤组织。患者为不可手术的局部晚期或转移性疾病。接受辅助AI治疗进展12个月,或转移性或晚期疾病时接受AI治疗,进展1个月内。只要患者符合AI原发耐药的定义,允许患者既往接受过多线的内分泌治疗。在AI耐药前后接受过其他的抗肿瘤治疗的患者也可以入组。最近一次组织活检的结果确认HR+/HER2-。

入组患者随机1:1分配接受氟维司群+buparlisib或氟维司群+安慰剂,分层因素包括肿瘤组织PI3K通路活化状态(激活 vs 未激活 vs 未知),和内脏转移状态(有 vs 无)。所有入组患者首先开始14天的治疗准备期,并在第1周期第1天接受氟维司群500mg治疗。在此期间,中心实验室检测PI3K的通路活化状态(采用Sanger测序PIK3CA基因和IHC检测PTEN表达)。据检测结果,患者被分为3组:PI3K通路激活(PI3KCA外显子1,7,9或20检测到任意突变;或PTEN蛋白不表达:<10%的细胞表达水平为1+,且无细胞表达>1+);PI3K通路未激活组(无PI3KCA突变,且可以检测到PTEN表达);PI3K通路激活状态未知(PIK3CA和PTEN的检测结果不能解读)。所有患者在第1周期第1天和第15天;及之后每周期的第1天接受氟维司群500mg治疗,28天为1个周期。患者在入组后第1个周期的第15天随机分配接受buparlisib(100 mg,每天,从第1个周期的第15天开始服药)或安慰剂治疗。所有患者持续治疗直至疾病进展,不可耐受的毒性,死亡或其他原因终止治疗。最多可以进行3次buparlisib或安慰剂的剂量调整:80mg/d持续用药;100mg/d,每周用药5天;或80mg/d,每周用药5天。

在研究发现可采用ctDNA检测患者的突变状态时,修改了研究方案,要求入组患者留取基线的血标本,之前的研究方案,患者自愿选择是否留取血标本。采用BEAMing法检测15个PIK3CA突变(外显子1,7,9,20,Arg88Gln, Arg93Trp/Gln, Lys111Glu/ Asn, Gly118Asp, Glu365Lys, Cys420Arg, Glu542Lys, Glu545Gly/Lys, Gln546Lys, and His1047Arg/Leu/Tyr)。研究主要终点为所有入组患者的PFS,主要研究队列(即PI3K激活状态已知患者)的PFS,和PI3K通路活化患者的PFS。次要研究终点为所有入组患者,主要研究队列和PI3K通路活化患者的OS。

结果

参与随机的患者1147例,buparlisib+氟维司群组576例,安慰剂+氟维司群组571例。两组的基线特征均衡。患者的中位年龄为62岁,98%的患者ECOG PS评分0-1分,678例(59%)患者合并内脏转移,>99%的患者既往接受过AI治疗,73%的患者既往接受过化疗(包括辅助阶段),分别有847例(74%)和318例(28%)的患者在转移性疾病阶段接受过内分泌治疗和化疗。

1147例患者中,372例(32%)患者PI3K通路激活,479例(42%)未激活,296例(26%)状态未知。在860例采用组织检测获知PI3KCA的患者中,276例(32%)有PIK3CA突变。在587例采用ctDNA检测PIK3CA状态的患者中,200例(34%)患者PIK3CA突变。

研究达到了主要终点,总人群中,buparlisib对比安慰剂可显着改善PFS:mPFS分别为6.9m(95%CI:6.8-7.8)和5.0m(95%CI 4.0-5.2),HR=0.70[95%CI 0.67-0.89],单侧p=0.00021,如下图1A.主要研究队列中(buparlisib组n=427;安慰剂组n=424),buparlisib对比安慰剂也能显着延长PFS(mPFS为6.8m[95%CI 5.0-7.0] vs 4.5m[3.3-5.0];HR=0.8[95%CI 0.68-0.94])。而在372例PI3K活化的患者中(buparlisib组n=188;安慰剂组n=184),根据研究设定的标准,单侧α=0.01,两组PFS无统计学差异,分别为6.8m和4.0m,HR=0.76[95%CI 0.60-0.97],单侧p=0.014,如图1B所示。

图1A.总人群的PFS比较;B. PI3K通路活化患者的PFS比较。

OS的数据还未成熟,总人群中共281例(24%)患者达到死亡终点。在总人群中,buoarlisib组和安慰剂组的ORR分别为11.8%和7.7%;临床获益率CBR分别为43?8%和42.0%。既定的探索性分析为ctDNA检测到的PIK3CA突变患者的PFS。共446例患者有配对的组织和ctDNA样本,组织和ctDNA检测的一致性为77%(342/446)。在307例组织PIK3CA野生型的患者中,243例(79%)患者ctDNA未检测到突变,64例(21%)检测到PIK3CA突变,提示肿瘤可能在治疗过程中发生进化。在采用ctDNA检测PI3KCA突变状态的患者中,buparlisib对比安慰剂可显着延长PFS,见下图2A,但在PI3KCA野生型的患者中,两组PFS无统计学差异,见图2B。


图2. 采用ctDNA检测PIK3CA突变状态患者的PFS比较。A.ct-DNA突变的患者;2B.ctDNA野生型患者。

结论和点评

这一研究提示,PI3K抑制剂联合内分泌治疗用于ctDNA检测到PI3KCA突变的绝经后内分泌耐药的HR+/HER2-患者,可以给患者带来显着的临床获益。需要后续的研究进一步探索ctDNA PI3KCA状态能否作为疗效预测标志物。因为buparlisib为泛-PI3K抑制剂,这一组合方案毒性较大,后续不再进行进一步的研究。期待后续的研究能进一步评估PI3Kα-特异性抑制剂联合方案的疗效和安全。新药层出不穷的时代,靶向药物的疗效和安全性同等重要。

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    2017-11-13 gwc392
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    2018-02-08 minlingfeng
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1682308, encodeId=5bde1682308d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d4d031e8074' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#分泌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=31780, encryptionId=d4d031e8074, topicName=分泌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0da227938338, createdName=gwc392, createdTime=Mon Nov 13 04:20:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1668796, encodeId=8c391668e96c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2bd33e897d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#buparlisib#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3789, encryptionId=2bd33e897d, topicName=buparlisib)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6adc26436134, createdName=liuyong2989, createdTime=Thu Dec 21 19:20:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1864940, encodeId=ef6e1864940c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=16ce133504e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Oncol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13350, encryptionId=16ce133504e, topicName=Oncol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b63894, createdName=minlingfeng, createdTime=Thu Feb 08 03:20:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1829004, encodeId=16601829004ca, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Sat Feb 10 00:20:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024587, encodeId=6e03202458ea7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=31251814945' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#uPAR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18149, encryptionId=31251814945, topicName=uPAR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1777154, createdName=chenhongpeng, createdTime=Mon Nov 27 11:20:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1982508, encodeId=ea3a1982508f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=da628e19d5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HER2-#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8719, encryptionId=da628e19d5, topicName=HER2-)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e093393, createdName=luwei00, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 06:20:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-02-10 howi
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1682308, encodeId=5bde1682308d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d4d031e8074' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#分泌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=31780, encryptionId=d4d031e8074, topicName=分泌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0da227938338, createdName=gwc392, createdTime=Mon Nov 13 04:20:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1668796, encodeId=8c391668e96c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2bd33e897d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#buparlisib#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3789, encryptionId=2bd33e897d, topicName=buparlisib)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6adc26436134, createdName=liuyong2989, createdTime=Thu Dec 21 19:20:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1864940, encodeId=ef6e1864940c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=16ce133504e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Oncol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13350, encryptionId=16ce133504e, topicName=Oncol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b63894, createdName=minlingfeng, createdTime=Thu Feb 08 03:20:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1829004, encodeId=16601829004ca, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Sat Feb 10 00:20:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024587, encodeId=6e03202458ea7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=31251814945' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#uPAR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18149, encryptionId=31251814945, topicName=uPAR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1777154, createdName=chenhongpeng, createdTime=Mon Nov 27 11:20:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1982508, encodeId=ea3a1982508f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=da628e19d5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HER2-#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8719, encryptionId=da628e19d5, topicName=HER2-)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e093393, createdName=luwei00, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 06:20:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-11-27 chenhongpeng
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    2017-12-06 luwei00

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