JCI Insight:调节免疫检查点阻断的新分子被发现

2017-05-20 杜焱恭 生物通

最近,密歇根大学的研究人员发现了一种蛋白质,能够阻止癌症破坏免疫系统。这种蛋白质被称为游离的C3d,它有望发展成一种癌症疫苗和癌症疗法。在人体中,免疫系统采用一套精心安排的机制来识别外来的病原体或肿瘤细胞带有的突变表位。在正常情况下,T细胞激活需要固有的检查点,以免出现差错。然而,这些往往被肿瘤所利用,以逃避免疫反应。最近,密歇根大学的研究人员发现了一种蛋白质,能够阻止癌症破坏免疫系统。这种蛋白质

最近,密歇根大学的研究人员发现了一种蛋白质,能够阻止癌症破坏免疫系统。这种蛋白质被称为游离的C3d,它有望发展成一种癌症疫苗和癌症疗法。

在人体中,免疫系统采用一套精心安排的机制来识别外来的病原体或肿瘤细胞带有的突变表位。在正常情况下,T细胞激活需要固有的检查点,以免出现差错。然而,这些往往被肿瘤所利用,以逃避免疫反应。

最近,密歇根大学的研究人员发现了一种蛋白质,能够阻止癌症破坏免疫系统。这种蛋白质被称为游离的C3d,它有望发展成一种癌症疫苗和癌症疗法。这项成果发表在《Journal of Clinical Investigation Insight》杂志上。

这篇论文的通讯作者,密歇根大学的微生物与免疫学副教授Marilia Cascalho博士称:“我们的癌症疗法阻断肿瘤诱导的免疫抑制。它是天然的,因此,据我们所知不会有不良影响。”

“在癌症免疫治疗中,最近获得成功的是阻断免疫系统抑制的药物。尽管它很成功,但问题在于免疫治疗并不是特异的。药物无处不在,因此有很多二次的作用。我们的癌症疗法的不同之处在于,当游离的C3d被注入癌细胞时,它似乎并没有副作用。”Cascalho说。

C3d是补体系统的一部分,与身体的免疫系统相关。由抗体活化,补体系统也对受损细胞和外来细胞产生应答。一些C3d与外来细胞相连,而大部分C3d仍然是游离的。之前,人们一直认为,游离的C3d没有什么功能。

然而,在这项研究中,研究人员对带有黑色素瘤和淋巴瘤的小鼠进行研究,发现游离的C3d能够招募、加速和放大抗肿瘤的T细胞应答,从而阻止癌症对免疫系统的限制,甚至能够预防肿瘤生长。

研究人员认为,游离的C3d有望发展成为癌症疫苗。过去,癌症疫苗是针对特定抗原制备的,人们必须确定某些癌症表达哪些抗原。事实上,所有的癌症都不同,它们有不同的抗原。同时,随着癌症的发展,抗原也不可能一直存在。Cascalho表示:“与传统方法相比,我们的发现有很大优势。游离的C3d不需要癌症抗原的先验知识。”

此外,C3d的另一个优点是没有必要将其直接注射到癌症中,因此,治疗可用于那些不容易进行手术治疗的部位,只要有足够的癌细胞能产生疫苗。“我们还没有数据,但我们想要试一下,”Cascalho说。

据研究人员介绍,这项成果完全是意外收获。当时他们正在研究艾滋病的疫苗,以为是出了差错,没想到继续研究后有此收获。他们认为,游离的C3d似乎大有希望。

原始出处:

Platt JL, Silva I, Balin SJ, et al. C3d regulates immune checkpoint blockade and enhances antitumor immunity. JCI Insight. 2017 May 4.

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  4. 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status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=200342, encodeId=730b200342ac, content=不错的文章,值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 20 09:09:54 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-22 1771ae4158m

    学习一下很不错

    0

  5. 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  6. 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status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=200342, encodeId=730b200342ac, content=不错的文章,值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 20 09:09:54 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-21 Mr.Li先生

    期待c3d的抗癌效果

    0

  7. 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encodeId=e8872003e28d, content=学习了,涨知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 20 10:19:28 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=200351, encodeId=47c320035124, content=很不错的,学习了!谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdqKgfW3nMpOkC3jXxiaW2po0PtglY5ZuVjERqKADW4HyMI8bcZXWlKgH7tEP9ULBoBzuQMibia4pr1s9rQPqLvqQJ/0, createdBy=e8c02060444, createdName=中医痴, createdTime=Sat May 20 09:25:38 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=200342, encodeId=730b200342ac, content=不错的文章,值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 20 09:09:54 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-20 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    学习了,涨见识了,谢谢分享。

    0

  8. 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status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=200342, encodeId=730b200342ac, content=不错的文章,值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 20 09:09:54 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-20 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了,涨知识

    0

  9. 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status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=200342, encodeId=730b200342ac, content=不错的文章,值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 20 09:09:54 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-20 中医痴

    很不错的,学习了!谢谢分享!

    0

  10. 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encodeId=2ca320061087, content=期待c3d的抗癌效果, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/IibQxuGJg8Nh1KeNMs1nZJeeldYs9olQSmfLFMSmc8OR6afKD5WrY1ktGibkd2ccEG1hMLcfjsTroQ86Z9scbvicQ/132, createdBy=3d661927529, createdName=Mr.Li先生, createdTime=Sun May 21 00:37:03 CST 2017, time=2017-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=200442, encodeId=ac252004427c, content=学习了,涨见识了,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=60791943465, createdName=1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 20 13:32:58 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=200372, 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