JAMA:踝臂指数筛查无症状人群外周动脉疾病和心血管病风险缺证据

2018-07-13 岱西 中国循环杂志

近日,美国预防服务工作组(USPSTF)发布声明指出,目前并无证据显示,ABI能够精确“鉴别”出可从治疗中获益的无症状外周动脉疾病患者,也无法评估筛查出并接受治疗的无症状患者会有预防外周动脉疾病进展或心血管事件的临床重要获益。

对于无症状人群,应用踝臂指数(ABI)筛查外周动脉疾病和心血管病风险怎么样?

近日,美国预防服务工作组(USPSTF)发布声明指出,目前并无证据显示,ABI能够精确“鉴别”出可从治疗中获益的无症状外周动脉疾病患者,也无法评估筛查出并接受治疗的无症状患者会有预防外周动脉疾病进展或心血管事件的临床重要获益。

不但如此,USPSTF还指出,应用ABI筛查还会带来潜在的危害却有足够证据。

比如假阳性结果,因ABI检查结果的提示而做的核磁共振造影、CI造影等所致的钆或其他造影剂暴露,以及给患者带来不必要的焦虑和紧张。

此外,还包括那些被筛查出的“患者”接受临床治疗所导致的一些药物不良反应,比如,由于用了阿司匹林出现不必要的出血,或者服用他汀增加糖尿病风险。

值得注意的是,USPSTF这条推荐,主要适用于无外周动脉疾病、心血管疾病严重和肾脏疾病的无症状人群。对于行走活动存在缺血症状的患者,ABI检测外周疾病还是有其用武之地的。

伴随的述评指出,有必要进一步明确ABI低于0.90的无症状人群改善血管功能和预防心血管事件的治疗手段,这或能有足够证据支持ABI在无症状人群中的筛查。

就目前而言,对于老年人而言,详细的有关肢体缺血病史的问诊有助于进一步的外周动脉疾病的检查和治疗。

此外,USPSTF还指出,除了ABI,在传统心血管风险评估中增加高敏C反应蛋白水平、冠状动脉钙化评分等非传统危险因素去预防无症状成人心血管事件,这并无充足证据评估其获益与风险比。

原始出处:
US Preventive Services Task Force. Risk Assessment for Cardiovascular Disease With Nontraditional Risk Factors: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA. Published online July 10,2018.doi:10.1001/jama.2018.8359.

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    2018-07-13 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

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    2018-07-13 三生有幸9135

    学习一下

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