中国医学人文大会:郎景和:专业思想教育可能让医生成为有用的机器,却不能成为和谐的人

2018-09-04 宋晶 整理 医师报

我相信生命的最初频率是真善美,我们应该保护这个频率,并与之合拍。其实,医学中有美学,美学中有医学,医学的美学观念是什么?医生的美学观念是什么,或者医生怎样培养美学观念、美学意识?


生命的最初频率是真善美

我相信生命的最初频率是真善美,我们应该保护这个频率,并与之合拍。其实,医学中有美学,美学中有医学,医学的美学观念是什么?医生的美学观念是什么,或者医生怎样培养美学观念、美学意识?

200多年以前,德国学者首先提出了关于美学的概念,这是最早研究人和世界审美的学科。奥古斯丁说,美是上帝无尚的荣耀与光荣,每个人必须这样。朱光潜有一句话,美丽,部分在心,不在物,在于心物联系中,是意象的存在。

因此,美学研究可以和医学有关,有些审美意义上的美,其对象、特性、本质、根源,都是美丽的基本概念。美可以是形象的,感染性,功利性。在社会活动中,有社会美,自然美。习近平总书记说“金山银山不如青山”,这是自然美,需要创造、需要保护。艺术美、科技美也一样。美可以是崇高的、优美的,也可能是滑稽的,是悲剧的。
 
把美的观念应用在医学的各个领域

医学相连的美的对象包括生育、宗教、解剖,充满了美的意象。医学中美的理解,其实在宇宙中存在着一种潜在的、超聆的秩序。这种秩序永恒存在,我们则从中提取美与真等绝对价值。真善美其中包含医学,那么,医学中的美学目标是什么?医学领域的美和审美的规律是怎样?健和美怎样统一,人和自然、人和社会、人与人如何和谐统一,这些都应该在医学中达到美的标准。

我们可以把美的观念广泛应用在临床医学、预防医学、康复医学,不仅仅在于美容,而在于医学的各个领域。我不知道人文学院讲不讲美学,至少在整个医学教育里也是一种缺憾,真要讲点美学,这对医生成长非常有用。医学人体美,医学科学技术美,医学艺术美,医学环境美,医学职业美,医学美学的开发和开拓前景广阔。

临床医学的美包括,临床医学的美、预防医学的美、康复医学的美。在医学美学理论指导下,研究医学领域中的美及其审美规律,可以用美学观念指导疾病诊断、治疗和预后。

真善美的医生应该有美的表达

医生的美学观念,真善美,包括善、德、乐。美就是真,真就是美。作为真善美的医生或者医学,应该有美的表达,应该培养美学的观念和品格,培养审美意识和能力,训练以真正达到审美的高度,这对于医生非常重要。

医生审美活动,包括审美教育、自己体验、创造能力,医生品质培养都与之相关。医生美的修养,从举止、思想、自我、职业,言语、仪表、技艺、情操、品格、知识、交际、能力、学习中自我教育、自我改造。

学医的人中作家很多,鲁迅、郭沫若、孙中山等等。契科夫有一句话,人的一切都应该是美的,面貌、衣裳、心灵、思想,医生的职业就要求做到这一点。医生的修养也要达到这样的目标,建立正确的审美观点,提高医学的审美能力,发现、感受、欣赏、判断、评价等等。爱因斯坦说,“仅仅用专业思想教育人是不够的,他们可能成为一个有用的机器,却不能成为和谐、发展的人。”不是只会开刀就行,医生应用美学塑造自己。从接触患者开始,从第一次见面跟患者谈话开始,一直到诊断,要体现关爱,体现负责,体现审美。医学的美无所不在,感性美、科技美、职业美、语言美、环境美、理性美、效果美、行为美、关系美、艺术美……

结语

从文艺复兴时代到如今数码时代,从达芬奇到现代解剖学,其中的美完全不同,但作为艺术,它将永恒。我把自己当成一名医学和美学的摆渡者,一个老船工。我们希望艺术家、美学家也能够重视医学的美育。外科是一门艺术,医学也是一门艺术,神圣的医学融入美学将会是锦上添花、尽善尽美。

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    2018-09-06 xlwang2693
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