仅3.57%的临床实验室自己确定甲功参考区间

2016-05-17 佚名 检验医学网

《检验医学》杂志2016年第4期刊登了费阳, 王薇, 王治国的“490家临床实验室甲状腺功能5项参考区间现况调查”。 本研究调查的490家实验室分布于全国29个地区, 多为三级医院, 且参加了卫生部临床检验中心室间质量评价, 可以反映我国性能较好的临床实验室甲状腺功能5项参考区间的现状。 国际临床化学联合会(the International Federation of Clinica

《检验医学》杂志2016年第4期刊登了费阳, 王薇, 王治国的“490家临床实验室甲状腺功能5项参考区间现况调查”。

本研究调查的490家实验室分布于全国29个地区, 多为三级医院, 且参加了卫生部临床检验中心室间质量评价, 可以反映我国性能较好的临床实验室甲状腺功能5项参考区间的现状。

国际临床化学联合会(the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, IFCC)建议每个临床实验室都要建立符合本地人群特征的参考区间, 或至少能够验证由其他途径获得的参考区间。


国际标准化组织15189文件中也规定:当特定的生物参考区间或决定值不再适用所服务的人群时, 应进行适宜的改变并通知用户; 如果改变检验程序或检验前程序, 实验室应评审相关的参考区间和临床决定值(适用时)。


而本研究中, 只有3.57%的临床实验室自己确定参考区间, 大多数临床实验室(90.34%)使用试剂厂家说明书中提供的参考区间, 一部分临床实验室(3.75%)根据全国临床检验操作规程制定参考区间。


我们知道, 实验室所在医院面对的患者人群可能与试剂厂家不同, 临床检验对象由于民族、性别、年龄、生活习惯、居住地区等的不同其参考区间也存在差异, 因此实验室在使用推荐的参考区间时需要进行必要的验证。对此, 行业标准《临床实验室检验项目参考区间的制定》也有严格规定。

在调查的5个检测项目TSH、FT3、TT3、FT4和TT4中, 分别仅有15、8、6、10和6家实验室根据不同的年龄或性别分别上报了其参考区间的上下限。但是许多行业标准, 包括《全国临床检验操作规程》、美国临床实验室标准化委员会C28-A2文件和《临床实验室检验项目参考区间的制定》等, 都要求建立参考区间时需要考虑分组情况。本研究的调查结果表明我国大多数实验室在制定甲状腺功能5项参考区间时并没有按照有关要求进行分组考虑。这也是临床实验室在实践中需要改进的一个方面。

本研究结果显示:不同检测系统的参考区间上下限的差异确有统计学意义, 因此, 实验室不能直接把使用其他不同检测系统的实验室的参考区间作为自己的参考区间; 即便是使用相同检测系统的不同实验室其参考区间的上下限也有明显的差异, 这可能是因为实验室面对的人群不同或者是实验室制定参考区间不科学导致的。


IFCC在20世纪80年代就开始推荐所有临床实验室建立自己的检验项目参考区间。建立参考区间是一项非常耗费人力、财力和物力的工作。我国长期以来基本都是直接应用国外的标准, 并未发布中国人群自己的参考区间, 直到2012年年底, 才发布了临床常用生化检验项目参考区间的卫生行业标准, 第一次真正意义上建立了适合我国人群的参考区间。对于临床实验室来说, 最好能制定适合自己人群的参考区间, 如无法实现, 在将其他来源的参考区间应用到临床环境之前也需要对其进行验证。

从本研究结果可以看出, 我国临床实验室甲状腺功能5项参考区间的现况不尽如人意, 大多数临床实验室未建立针对自己患者人群的参考区间。所以, 急需一致的国家标准来指导实验室制定适当的参考区间以满足临床需求。

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    2016-08-27 李东泽

    这篇资讯带给我们新知识,启发新思维,不论是科研还是临床工作都有很大的帮助。。。

    0

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    2016-08-27 李东泽

    这篇资讯带给我们新知识,启发新思维,不论是科研还是临床工作都有很大的帮助。。。

    0

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    2016-05-18 明崖

    工作量太大,人手不足

    0

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