Nature:线粒体DNA损伤引发抗病毒固有免疫反应

2015-02-06 佚名 生物谷

近日,来自美国耶鲁大学医学院的研究人员著名国际期刊nature在线发表了他们的一项最新研究成果,他们发现在抗病毒天然免疫过程中,线粒体发挥了至关重要的作用。   在正常情况下,每个细胞内的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)有成千上万个拷贝,并且被包装成几百个高级结构,称为类核。大量mtDNA结合蛋白TFAM负责调控类核结构,数目以及相互之间的隔离。完全删除mtDNA会严重损伤氧化磷酸化过程,

近日,来自美国耶鲁大学医学院的研究人员著名国际期刊nature在线发表了他们的一项最新研究成果,他们发现在抗病毒天然免疫过程中,线粒体发挥了至关重要的作用。
 
在正常情况下,每个细胞内的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)有成千上万个拷贝,并且被包装成几百个高级结构,称为类核。大量mtDNA结合蛋白TFAM负责调控类核结构,数目以及相互之间的隔离。完全删除mtDNA会严重损伤氧化磷酸化过程,触发钙离子依赖的应激信号以及适应性代谢应答。但是在许多人类疾病以及衰老过程中观察到的细胞对mtDNA不稳定性的应答仍没有被很好地定义。研究人员通过实验证明因TFAM缺陷造成的适度mtDNA应激会参与细胞抗病毒信号途径,增强一系列干扰素刺激基因的表达。在机制上,他们发现mtDNA包装异常会促进mtDNA逃逸到细胞质内,被DNA感受器cGAS捕获,促进STING-IRF3依赖性信号途径,导致干扰素刺激基因表达增加,增强I型干扰素应答,促进细胞对病毒的抵抗效应。除此之外,孢疹病毒能够诱导mtDNA应激,增强感染阶段抗病毒信号途径和I型干扰素应答。
 
综上所述,该研究的结果表明线粒体对天然免疫应答至关重要,mtDNA应激是一种细胞内在的抗病毒信号开关,暗示细胞可能通过监控mtDNA平衡,协同经典病毒感应机制全面启动固有免疫系统的抗病毒功能。

原始出处

West AP1, Khoury-Hanold W2, Staron M2, Tal MC2, Pineda CM1, Lang SM1, Bestwick M1, Duguay BA3, Raimundo N1, MacDuff DA4, Kaech SM5, Smiley JR3, Means RE1, Iwasaki A5, Shadel GS6.Mitochondrial DNA stress primes the antiviral innate immune response.Nature. 2015 Feb 2.

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    2015-06-22 liye789132251
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    2015-02-16 Johnny1989

    0

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    2015-02-08 yahu
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