Nat Commun:新型乳腺癌基因的重大发现:BCL11A基因活跃在难治的三阴性乳腺癌中

2015-01-19 MedSci MedSci原创

一项新的研究确定了活跃在乳腺癌亚型中的基因。研究表明,过度活化的BCL11A基因驱动着三阴性乳腺癌发展和进程。 在人类细胞和老鼠上的研究为靶向治疗这种侵略性的肿瘤类型提供了新的途径。 有许多类型的乳腺癌对治疗的反应大有不同,也有不同的预测。大约五分之一的患者患有三阴性乳腺癌,这些癌症缺乏三种受体蛋白,而这些蛋白用于其他亚型的乳腺癌的应对激素疗法。近年来已经获得明显研究结果,大多数三阴性肿瘤有基

一项新的研究确定了活跃在乳腺癌亚型中的基因。研究表明,过度活化的BCL11A基因驱动着三阴性乳腺癌发展和进程。

在人类细胞和老鼠上的研究为靶向治疗这种侵略性的肿瘤类型提供了新的途径。

有许多类型的乳腺癌对治疗的反应大有不同,也有不同的预测。大约五分之一的患者患有三阴性乳腺癌,这些癌症缺乏三种受体蛋白,而这些蛋白用于其他亚型的乳腺癌的应对激素疗法。近年来已经获得明显研究结果,大多数三阴性肿瘤有基底细胞样亚型。

虽然正在探索新的治疗方法,三阴性癌症的预后相比其他类型较差。到目前为止,只有少数基因的畸变与三阴性乳腺癌的发展有关。

小组观察近3000名乳腺癌患者。他们搜索到一个特定的焦点:他们检查改变影响干细胞行为和组织分化的基因,因为他们所做的其他工作表明,这类基因突变时,常常可以推动癌症发展。在这些基因中就有BCL11A,它有一个乳腺癌基因所有的特征。

更高活性的BCL11A基因在大约80%基底细胞样乳腺癌患者中被发现,与更高等级的肿瘤有关联。大多数情况下,额外复制的BCL11A基因在癌症中被创建,病人的生存前景在减弱。

“同样重要的是,当我们减弱人类三阴性乳腺癌细胞中BCL11A的活性,他们失去了一些癌细胞的特征,在老鼠身上进行测试时肿瘤发生率降低。所以我们通过增加BCL11A活性来增加癌症的特征行为;通过减少它的活性,减少癌症的特征行为。”

当BCL11A在一个老鼠上灭活时,没有老鼠发展成乳腺肿瘤,而未经处理的动物肿瘤发展进程依旧。

团队还表明BCL11A需要乳腺癌干细胞和祖细胞的正常发展,认为细胞突变时,引起基底样的乳腺癌。

“在一些难治性癌症的情况下,这激动人心的结果确定了一个新型的乳腺癌基因,” 剑桥大学癌症医学教授卡洛斯卡尔达斯教授说。“基于我们的工作,开发了一个全面的对乳腺癌分子水平上的了解,这将有利于临床决策和治疗选择。“发现了活跃在癌症中的新基因,这将帮助寻找新的治疗方法。”
团队建议BCL11A可能是一个强有力的靶向治疗的候选靶标。


原始出处

Walid T. Khaled, Song Choon Lee, John Stingl, Xiongfeng Chen, H. Raza Ali, Oscar M. Rueda, Fazal Hadi, Juexuan Wang, Yong Yu, Suet-Feung Chin, Mike Stratton, Andy Futreal, Nancy A. Jenkins, Sam Aparicio, Neal G. Copeland, Christine J. Watson, Carlos Caldas, Pentao Liu. BCL11A is a triple-negative breast cancer gene with critical functions in stem and progenitor cells. Nature Communications, 2015;

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    2015-06-07 liuli5079
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    2015-11-07 liye789132251
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    2015-01-21 xlysu

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