JAMA Pediatr:宝宝添加辅食 不用非到6个月?

2018-08-11 贾朝娟 环球医学

世界卫生组织建议,纯母乳喂养应持续6个月。然而,一直有不同的声音,例如每个宝宝的生长发育情况不一样,添加辅食的时间也不能一概而论。因此,宝宝何时添加辅食,是令宝妈非常纠结的一个问题。

世界卫生组织建议,纯母乳喂养应持续6个月。然而,一直有不同的声音,例如每个宝宝的生长发育情况不一样,添加辅食的时间也不能一概而论。因此,宝宝何时添加辅食,是令宝妈非常纠结的一个问题。

有调查显示,英国母亲,75%在5个月前就开始喂养固体食物,其中26%表示,是由于婴儿频繁夜醒才有了这一决定。夜醒比较多,怀疑是纯母乳无法满足宝宝的需求。

2018年7月,发表在《JAMA Pediatr》的一项研究,确定了早期引入固体食物是否会影响婴儿睡眠时间。

询究耐受性研究是一项基于人群的随机临床试验,于2008年1月15日~2015年8月31日期间开展,纳入了1303名英格兰和威尔士纯母乳喂养月龄3个月的婴儿。这些婴儿在英国伦敦圣托马斯医院就诊,试验研究了自3月龄膳食早期引入固体食物婴儿的睡眠情况。

早期引入组(EIG)继续母乳喂养,3个月时引入非过敏性食物,然后引入6种过敏性食物。标准引入组(SIG)遵循英国婴儿喂养指南,即纯母乳喂养到约6个月,该阶段避免添加任何食物。

主要结局和测量指标为之前次要结局的二次分析,即早期引入固体食物对婴儿睡眠的影响,使用标准化的简易婴儿睡眠问卷进行评估。

询究耐受性研究纳入1303名婴儿,1225人(94%)最终完成了3年的调查问卷(SIG组618人(95%),EIG组607人(93%))。随机分组有效,两组的基线特征无显着差异。

研究结果显示,早期引入固体食物后,EIG组婴儿睡眠显着长于SIG组,夜醒频率显着下降。

6月龄两组差异达到峰值。该时间点时,在意愿治疗分析婴儿中,EIG组每晚睡眠时间延长16.6分钟,夜醒频率从每晚2.01降至1.74次。

最重要的临床改变是,与EIG组相比,SIG组更多报告与母亲生活质量显着相关的严重睡眠问题(OR,1.8;95% CI,1.22~2.61)。

在这项随机临床试验中,婴儿膳食早期引入固体食物,与睡眠时间更长、夜醒次数较少和严重睡眠问题减少相关。

据了解,这是首项研究结果与许多父母观念一致的随机临床研究,即早期引入固体辅食可小幅改善婴儿睡眠特征。最近的指南也提倡,部分或所有婴儿可在4~6个月期间开始添加辅食,改善睡眠可能是一个伴随的获益。

原始出处:

Perkin MR, et al. Association of Early Introduction of Solids With Infant Sleep: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2018 Aug 6;172(8):e180739. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.0739.

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    2019-04-13 feather89
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    2018-08-18 owlhealth

    学习了,很不错

    0

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    2018-08-13 易水河

    具体情况具体分析

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    2018-08-11 131****2916

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