JAMA:“小医生”的大作用—你知道住院治疗的更佳时间么?

2016-12-14 MedSci MedSci原创

各大医院里的主任医师、副主任医师以及主治医师是广大患者心目中的大夫,但是,在每家医院里还存在着一群默默无闻的“小医生”,他们就是住院医生和实习医生。这群“小医生”在整个诊疗过程中发挥着悄无声息但却至关重要的作用。最近,一项发表在JAMA的研究表明,住院医生和实习医生的轮转与换班(改变负责患者治疗的医生)与医院不良事件之间存在着一定的相关性。此项研究对2008年至2014年美国10所大学附属退伍军人

各大医院里的主任医师、副主任医师以及主治医师是广大患者心目中的大夫,但是,在每家医院里还存在着一群默默无闻的“小医生”,他们就是住院医生和实习医生。这群“小医生”在整个诊疗过程中发挥着悄无声息但却至关重要的作用。

最近,一项发表在JAMA的研究表明,住院医生和实习医生的轮转与换班(改变负责患者治疗的医生)与医院不良事件之间存在着一定的相关性。

此项研究对2008年至2014年美国10所大学附属退伍军人医院内科收治的230701名患者进行了回顾性多中心队列研究。

首先,研究者们将换班时期的患者(定义为轮转结束前收治且在换班后7天内死亡或出院的患者)根据换班种类分层(仅有实习医生、仅有住院医生、既有实习医生又有住院医生);随后,研究者们将其与其余的出院患者比较(对照组)。此外,对换班前2天内入院的患者与2周后同样2天入院的患者进行分析。

研究者们对主要预后指标(住院病死率),次要预后指标(包括30天、90天死亡率以及再入院率)进行了统计与分析。使用双重差分析评估2011年毕业后医学教育认证委员会(ACGME )规定的值班时间后预后是否改变。校正因子包括:年龄、性别、种族、月份、年份、住院时长、并发症以及医院。

他们的研究结果表明,在230701名出院患者中(平均年龄,65.6岁;男性,95.8%;中位住院时间,3天),25938名患者为仅实习医生轮转结束换班,26456名患者为仅住院医师轮转结束换班,11517名患者为既有实习医生又有住院医生轮转结束换班。总体住院病死率为2.18%,30天病死率为9.45%,90天病死率为14.43%。仅实习医生换班(3.5% vs 2.0%,OR,1.12[95%CI, 1.03-1.21])及既有实习医生又有住院医生换班(4.0% vs 2.1%,OR,1.18 [95%CI, 1.06-1.33])患者的校正后住院病死率较对照组显著增高,但是仅有住院医师换班组的患者病死率无显著性差异(3.3% vs 2.0%,OR,1.07[95%CI,0.99-1.16])。30天及90天病死率在所有换班组患者中均较对照组显著增高(30天病死率:仅有实习医生换班组:14.5% vs 8.8%,OR, 1.17 [95% CI,1.13-1.22];仅有住院医师换班组:13.8% vs 8.9%,OR,1.11 [95% CI, 1.04-1.18];既有实习医生又有住院医生换班组:15.5% vs 9.1%,OR,1.21 [95% CI,1.12-1.31];90天病死率:仅有实习医生换班组:21.5% vs 13.5%,OR,1.14 [95% CI, 1.10-1.19];仅有住院医生换班组:20.9% vs 13.6%,OR,1.10 [95% CI,1.05-1.16];既有实习医生又有住院医生换班组:22.8% vs 14.0%,OR,1.17 [95% CI,1.11-1.23])。在仅有实习医生换班组(OR,1.11 [95% CI,1.02-1.21])以及既有实习医生又有住院医生换班组(OR,1.17 [95% CI,1.02-1.34])的患者,其值班时间与校正后高住院病死率相关。其他分析没有表明换班组及对照组患者病死率之间存在显著差异。

研究者们对此项研究总结,发现在10所退伍军人医院内科收治入院的患者中,轮转结束时医生的换班与住院病死率的升高有关;但是,限制性分析则不然。ACGME值班时间规定后这一相关性更加显著。

原始出处:
Denson JL, Jensen A, Saag HS, Wang B, Fang Y, Horwitz LI, Evans L, Sherman SE.Association Between End-of-Rotation Resident Transition in Care and Mortality Among HospitalizedPatients.JAMA.2016;316(21):2204-2213.doi:10.1001/jama.2016.17424.

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    2016-12-21 虈亣靌

    谢谢分享,学习了

    0

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    2016-12-18 gospel007

    深有感触。

    0

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    2016-12-18 1e0ece0dm09(暂无匿称)

    谢谢分享学习

    0

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    2016-12-15 jet747

    有意思,对医院排班有意义

    0

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    2016-12-15 MyQueen

    看着就好累

    0

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    2016-12-15 thlabcde

    小医生作用大!

    0

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    2016-12-14 艳阳天2016

    好像没看明白

    0

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    2016-12-14 䖝二

    有意思

    0

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