Nat Biotechnol:瑞典学者利用重编程脑细胞治疗帕金森病

2017-04-17 佚名 生物帮

2017年4月10日,国际学术权威刊物自然出版集团旗下子刊《Nature Biotechnology》杂志在线发表了瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院Ernest Arenas研究员的一篇研究论文,论文报告研究组用一种特定分子组合处理非神经元脑细胞可以产生类似多巴胺神经元的细胞;多巴胺神经元是一种在帕金森病中丧失的细胞类型。研究人员在人类培养细胞和帕金森病小鼠模型中演示了这种新的重编程方法。

2017年4月10日,国际学术权威刊物自然出版集团旗下子刊《Nature Biotechnology》杂志在线发表了瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院Ernest Arenas研究员的一篇研究论文,论文报告研究组用一种特定分子组合处理非神经元脑细胞可以产生类似多巴胺神经元的细胞;多巴胺神经元是一种在帕金森病中丧失的细胞类型。研究人员在人类培养细胞和帕金森病小鼠模型中演示了这种新的重编程方法。

分泌多巴胺的特殊神经元的进行性死亡是帕金森病的一个明确特征。尽管存在多种治疗方法,包括将多巴胺化学前体作为药物,但这些疗法都无法改变疾病的进程。数十年来,研究者都在尝试影响病程改变疗法,在实验室生成多巴胺神经元或其前体,并将其移植到患者的大脑中。

瑞典斯德哥尔摩卡罗林斯卡学院及同事报告了一种不同的细胞替代疗法,这种疗法不需要细胞移植。通过检验一系列已知对多巴胺—神经元身份有重要作用的基因,他们发现了4种基因,这些基因与某些小分子结合时,能将人脑中的星形胶质细胞重编程为类似于多巴胺神经元的细胞。

为了研究该策略的治疗潜力,Arenas研究组用毒素杀死了小鼠的多巴胺神经元,然后利用一种仅在星形胶质细胞中表达基因的系统将这4种基因递送至小鼠大脑。一些星形胶质细胞被成功重编程,从而获得了多巴胺神经元的特征,并纠正了多巴胺神经元损失带来的一些行为症状。作者指出,在考虑对这种治疗策略进行人体试验前还需进行大量的深入研究。

原始出处:
Pia Rivetti di Val Cervo,Roman A Romanov,Giada Spigolon,et al.Induction of functional dopamine neurons from human astrocytes in vitro and mouse astrocytes in a Parkinson's disease model.Nature Biotechnology.2017.

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    2017-09-15 liye789132251
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    2017-06-24 sunylz
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    2017-04-21 shock_melon
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