左耳部成熟畸胎瘤伴感染1例

2019-06-11 程广明 卢林民 中国医学影像技术

患儿,女,1岁;因“左耳流脓伴耳周肿胀3天”入院。3天前患儿左耳流黄色脓液,伴发热,最高体温39°,耳周肿胀,抗感染治疗后耳部流脓减少。查体:左耳垂周围皮肤肿胀,可触及一鸡蛋大小包块,质地硬,有触痛,外耳无畸形,左耳道可见较多黄色黏液性分泌物,骨膜未见膨隆,右耳未见异常。实验室检查:白细胞计数11.83×109/L;中性粒细胞比率82.10%。

患儿,女,1岁;因“左耳流脓伴耳周肿胀3天”入院。3天前患儿左耳流黄色脓液,伴发热,最高体温39°,耳周肿胀,抗感染治疗后耳部流脓减少。查体:左耳垂周围皮肤肿胀,可触及一鸡蛋大小包块,质地硬,有触痛,外耳无畸形,左耳道可见较多黄色黏液性分泌物,骨膜未见膨隆,右耳未见异常。实验室检查:白细胞计数11.83×109/L;中性粒细胞比率82.10%。
 
CT平扫(图1A):左颈部胸锁乳突肌内侧混合密度包块,内见实性成分、囊液、脂肪及小气泡影,脂肪包绕于液性成分中,肿块沿咽旁间隙生长,左侧颞骨岩部局部骨质吸收,周围肌肉组织肿胀,脂肪层次模糊,考虑皮样囊肿并感染。当日行耳部脓肿切开引流,见脂质物及少量毛发引流出。抗感染治疗1周后复查MRI:左侧咽旁间隙见椭圆形短T1长T2信号(图1B、1C),脂肪抑制序列呈低信号(图1D),考虑皮样囊肿?畸胎瘤?
 


图1 左耳成熟畸胎瘤伴感染的影像表现 A.CT示左颞骨岩部混合密度包块,内见大片脂肪、囊实性成分及小气泡影,左侧颞骨岩部局部骨质吸收;B.MRT1WI示病变区脂肪呈高信号;C.T2WI示病变区脂肪呈高信号;D.脂肪抑制序列示脂肪信号可被抑制  
 
行左耳部肿瘤切除术,术中见肿瘤呈灰红色,与左侧颞骨岩部紧密相连,周边可见较多黄绿色脓性分泌物。病理:左耳部见一囊性肿物,表面光滑,壁厚薄不均,内见毛发、脂质(图2)。病理诊断:左耳部成熟畸胎瘤伴感染。
 


图2 病理图 镜下可见脂肪及纤毛组织(HE,×100)
 
讨论 
 
耳鼻咽喉部位畸胎瘤临床少见,多为两个胚层(外胚层及中胚层)构成,与经典三胚层来源的畸胎瘤有一定区别,多见于1岁以内的婴幼儿,且女性多于男性,为6∶1~7∶1。婴幼儿头颈部畸胎瘤多为良性,但随年龄增长,恶性程度逐步增高。由于儿童咽鼓管发育不完善,咽鼓管短而直,管腔宽,生理性狭窄尚未形成,管道接近水平位,当出现占位性病变后极易引起中耳引流不畅,普通上呼吸道感染后鼻咽部细菌易沿咽鼓管进入中耳,引起中耳感染,继而出现分泌性中耳炎。
 
耳部等隐秘部位畸胎瘤较小时不易发现,多为感染后引起患儿家长注意。本例患儿为耳部化脓性感染后引起家长注意而就诊,CT及MRI对脂肪成分敏感,但耳鼻咽喉部畸胎瘤钙化少见,不易与皮样囊肿鉴别。婴儿耳部畸胎瘤极易引起感染,一旦发现应早期手术,减少并发症。
 
原始出处:

程广明,卢林民.左耳部成熟畸胎瘤伴感染1例[J].中国医学影像技术,2018,34(03):471.

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=376451, encodeId=5a343e645154, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Tue Dec 03 19:59:13 CST 2019, time=2019-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=371965, encodeId=84de3e19653a, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Thu Aug 29 14:25:09 CST 2019, time=2019-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=369729, encodeId=eb7a369e29f1, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Mon Jul 15 23:13:35 CST 2019, time=2019-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=367863, encodeId=2b5336e8632c, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Sun Jun 16 21:49:23 CST 2019, time=2019-06-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-12-03 wxl882001

    了解一下

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=376451, encodeId=5a343e645154, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Tue Dec 03 19:59:13 CST 2019, time=2019-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=371965, encodeId=84de3e19653a, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Thu Aug 29 14:25:09 CST 2019, time=2019-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=369729, encodeId=eb7a369e29f1, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Mon Jul 15 23:13:35 CST 2019, time=2019-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=367863, encodeId=2b5336e8632c, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Sun Jun 16 21:49:23 CST 2019, time=2019-06-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-08-29 wxl882001

    了解一下

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    2019-07-15 wxl882001

    了解一下

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=376451, encodeId=5a343e645154, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Tue Dec 03 19:59:13 CST 2019, time=2019-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=371965, encodeId=84de3e19653a, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Thu Aug 29 14:25:09 CST 2019, time=2019-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=369729, encodeId=eb7a369e29f1, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Mon Jul 15 23:13:35 CST 2019, time=2019-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=367863, encodeId=2b5336e8632c, content=了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Sun Jun 16 21:49:23 CST 2019, time=2019-06-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-06-16 wxl882001

    了解一下

    0