Cell Rep:抗体新组合让癌细胞不再隐形

2016-08-03 佚名 生物谷

最近加州大学欧文分校的分子生物学家发现了抗击转移性黑色素瘤的有效方法,他们使用新的创新性免疫治疗方法沉默癌细胞表达的“不要吃我”信号蛋白,使其能够被免疫细胞识别和吞噬。 研究人员发现阻断黑色素瘤细胞表面蛋白CD47(“不要吃我”信号蛋白)能够促进癌细胞被巨噬细胞吞噬。进一步研究表明在阻断CD47的同时靶向另外一个细胞表面蛋白CD271(之前研究发现该蛋白表达在促进黑色素瘤发生的一群癌细胞表面

最近加州大学欧文分校的分子生物学家发现了抗击转移性黑色素瘤的有效方法,他们使用新的创新性免疫治疗方法沉默癌细胞表达的“不要吃我”信号蛋白,使其能够被免疫细胞识别和吞噬。

研究人员发现阻断黑色素瘤细胞表面蛋白CD47(“不要吃我”信号蛋白)能够促进癌细胞被巨噬细胞吞噬。进一步研究表明在阻断CD47的同时靶向另外一个细胞表面蛋白CD271(之前研究发现该蛋白表达在促进黑色素瘤发生的一群癌细胞表面),能够导致人源化肿瘤异种抑制小鼠模型(PDX)的肿瘤转移受到完全抑制。相关研究发表在国际学术期刊Cell Reports上。

研究发现细胞表面蛋白CD47在转移性黑色素瘤细胞表面存在过表达,能够帮助细胞避免被免疫系统清除。另一方面CD271之前被证明能够用于标记一个促进肿瘤发生以及癌症转移扩散的黑色素瘤细胞群体。在这项研究中研究人员推测转移性黑色素瘤依赖这两种蛋白的过表达骗过免疫系统进而转移到身体其他部位。

为了验证这一假设,研究人员使用了阻断CD47(激活巨噬细胞的吞噬作用)和CD271(特异性靶向最具侵袭性的黑色素瘤细胞群体)的特异性抗体。他们对移植了人类转移性黑色素瘤的小鼠进行了抗体治疗,发现同时使用两种抗体能够几乎完全清除小鼠所有器官形成的转移灶。他们进一步发现这种治疗作用是由肿瘤微环境发生的巨大变化所介导,能够引起免疫细胞有效地攻击癌细胞。

最后研究人员表示:“还需要进一步研究确定这两种抗体的抗肿瘤转移作用以及应用于人类病人的安全性。但是将这种治疗方法与其他调节免疫系统的治疗方法结合代表了一种新的癌症治疗方法,或将为转移性黑色素瘤病人带来更多获益。癌症免疫治疗带来了癌症治疗的新时代,我们希望我们找到的这种方法能够成为癌症免疫治疗的新组成部分,为更多病人提供有效的治疗效果。”

原始出处

Michael Ngo1, Arum Han1, Anita Lakatos2, Debashis Sahoo3, Stephanie J. Hachey1, Kipp Weiskopf4, Andrew H. Beck5, Irving L. Weissman4, Alexander D. Boiko1.Antibody Therapy Targeting CD47 and CD271 Effectively Suppresses Melanoma Metastasis in Patient-Derived Xenografts.Cell Rep.2016

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    2017-05-13 维他命
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    2016-08-05 yxch36
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    2016-08-04 doctorJiangchao

    继续学习

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    2016-08-04 doctorJiangchao

    继续关注

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来自伦敦大学的研究人员最近发现将用于成瘾治疗的药物纳曲酮(naltrexone)以低剂量治疗癌症病人能带来一些有益治疗效果。   研究人员发现纳曲酮不仅可以阻止癌细胞生长,还能够改变细胞内在机制使癌细胞发生"自杀",这种药物能够帮助其他癌症治疗方法变得更加有效。   文章作者Dr Wai Liu和Angus Dalgleish教授等人发现纳曲酮在小剂量下能够激活促进

Nature子刊:“闷死”肿瘤的抗癌新策略

众所周知,氧气对于人体细胞的生存和运作都是必需的。不过,癌细胞却是个例外,它们即便在缺氧的情况下仍可快速生长。有时,肿瘤的快速生长超过了血管新生的速度,使得某些距离血管较远的癌细胞无法得到充分的氧气供应,处于“窒息”状态。这时,癌细胞通过对基因表达进行“宏观调控”,关闭了大部分耗氧的生物过程,只留下那些维持存活必需的部分。 缺氧诱导因子(HIF)在这里发挥了重要作用。每当处于缺氧环境中时,

Nature:会传染的癌细胞?

近期,《自然》杂志报道了一项由美国哥伦比亚大学医学中心的Michael Metzger及其合作者完成的研究,他们发现,在一种双壳贝类的海洋贝类中存在可传播的癌症,而且这种癌症可在不同物种间转移。这意味着,在海洋环境当中,癌细胞可以被视作一种普遍的传染源。这不但挑战了我们对癌症本质的理解,还刷新了我们对癌细胞和它们的宿主之间相互关系的认识。 当我们身体的某个细胞发生基因突变,使得细胞增殖失控,