检察官:三招打击医药回扣!

2017-10-31 王小勇 法制网

医疗耗材指医疗过程中病人需要使用的各类一次性医疗器具,包括一次性注射器、医用棉球、缝合线等普通耗材,以及一级介入支架、起搏器、人工晶体、骨科材料等高价值的植入类耗材。随着药品统一采购制度全面推行,药品采购中已很难发生医务人员“吃回扣”的严重问题,但在医疗耗材采购中,医务人员拿回扣的问题仍然较为普遍和严重。在高价值的医疗耗材采购中,医务人员拿回扣甚至成了公开的秘密。此类行为在法律上一般定性为非国家工

医疗耗材指医疗过程中病人需要使用的各类一次性医疗器具,包括一次性注射器、医用棉球、缝合线等普通耗材,以及一级介入支架、起搏器、人工晶体、骨科材料等高价值的植入类耗材。

随着药品统一采购制度全面推行,药品采购中已很难发生医务人员“吃回扣”的严重问题,但在医疗耗材采购中,医务人员拿回扣的问题仍然较为普遍和严重。

在高价值的医疗耗材采购中,医务人员拿回扣甚至成了公开的秘密。此类行为在法律上一般定性为非国家工作人员受贿犯罪。

医疗采购中职务犯罪行为主要特点有两个:

一回扣对象为相关科室的主任医生和业务骨干。在对高价值的医疗耗材选择使用中,科室主任和业务骨干起主导作用。因此这类人就成了供应商重点攻关的对象,在一些高价值的医疗耗材销售中,拿回扣成了这一行业的潜规则。

在这种不良风气的影响下,医务人员很难独善其身。医疗耗材采购中的腐败案件往往体现出一人行贿,同一科室多名医务人员受贿的特点。

二是口扣比例高数额大。高价值的医疗器材价格昂贵,动辄成千上万元,相应的,其利润空间也相当可观。医疗耗材供应商为了在激烈的竞争中将产品成功打入医院,甘愿拿出相当多的一部分利润用于医务人员的返点。

该类职务犯罪多发的原因有以下几点:

一是医疗耗材的市场价值巨大。医疗耗材于药品一样,都属于一次性消费。随着社会发展人民群众对健康生活的要求越来越高,高价值的医疗耗材需要量巨大,据统计目前,全球生物材料以骨科和心血管两类应用产品的需求最大,分别占全球生物材料市场的37.5%和36.1%。

二是不同于药品的集中采购,高价值医疗耗材的采购形势更加灵活,由此也给一些不法商人造成了“趁虚而入”的机会。目前我国主要通过出台目录对医院使用的设备和耗材进行品牌准入和最高限价,但从目录中选择哪个品牌、以哪种价格进入医院,最终的决定权全部掌握在医院甚至个别科室、个别人手中。

三是在医疗耗材的使用上,医务人员起主导作用。与普通药品相比较,患者对医疗耗材的认识更为不足,在手术中使用何种品牌,何种价位的医疗耗材,很多程度上由医疗科室和主治医生根据需要选择。

预防此类职务犯罪,因从完善制度建设,加强从业人员职业道德和法制教育以及社会监督等方面合力推进。

一是健全医疗耗材价格监督管理体制。 严格医疗耗材成本的计算标准,从宏观上防止医疗耗材虚高。健全医疗耗材集中招标采购制度,合理设置竞标品种,鼓励竞争,减少暴利空间。

二是加强对重点岗位医疗干部的教育和管理。严肃医纪,整肃医风。对医务人员的管理使用坚持德才并举,提升医务人员的职业道德和职业荣誉感。建立合力的物质奖励激励机制,坚决根除将收回扣视为理所当然的错误思想。

三是加强打击和宣传力度。医疗系统应定期开展警示教育培训,使医务人员充分认识到收取回扣的严重就后果。对有行贿劣迹的销售代表和企业,列入政府重点监管和医疗单位重点防范的对象,双管齐下铲除医疗耗材销售中收取回扣的土壤。

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    2017-11-01 zhouqu_8
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