Science:接种登革热病毒和西尼罗河病毒疫苗可能增强寨卡病毒感染?

2017-03-31 Leo.C MedSci原创

表明寨卡病毒也具有抗体介导的增强感染的现象。接种登革热和西尼罗病毒抗体所产生的抗体,可能是寨卡病毒感染能力增强。迫切的需要一种广泛的一次对抗所有黄热病毒的疫苗。

寨卡(Zika)病毒,可以快速的通过蚊虫叮咬和性生活传播,寨卡病毒还能感染孕妇从而导致婴儿先天性的疾病,近期成为危害全球公共卫生的重要威胁。然而在寨卡病毒流行的地域上也同时是登革热病毒(dengue virus)和西尼罗河病毒(west nile virus)肆孽的地域。已知登革热病毒会造成通过抗体介导的增强感染(antibody-dependent enhancement, ADE),那么在同一地区的同属于黄热病毒(flavivirus)的寨卡病毒会不会也发生介导的增强感染呢?

抗体介导的增强感染(antibody-dependent enhancement, ADE)是一种广泛存在于登革热感染的一种现象。病人在首次感染登革热后,产生的IgG抗体有一部分结合在吞噬细胞,比如巨噬细胞和NK细胞的Fc伽马受体上。当病人第二次感染登革热时,病毒被IgG抗体所识别从而更快的感染巨噬细胞和NK细胞,造成更强的过免疫反应导致高烧和大出血。

在最新上线的Science杂志中,来自美国纽约的西奈山医学院的Susana V. Bardina及其同事报导了同属于黄热病毒(flavivirus)的寨卡病毒也会发生抗体介导的增强感染(antibody-dependent enhancement, ADE)。

研究人员首先采集了来自美国波多黎各的141位血液中含有登革热病毒抗体IgG和146位血液中含有西尼罗河病毒抗体IgG的血液。然后研究人员发现,相对于从未感染过的人,从这些感染过病毒的人所采集的血清对寨卡(Zika)病毒的膜蛋白E的结合能力更强。研究人员接着发现,将这些感染过病毒的血清与从人身上分化而来的带有Fc伽马受体的K562细胞共同培养,寨卡(Zika)病毒的感染细胞能力更强。如果将共培养的血清浓度下降,则寨卡(Zika)病毒的感染能力也下降。同时如果去除血清中的IgG,怎感染效率也下降。证明感染登革热和西尼罗河病人血清中的IgG是增强寨卡感染能力的决定因素。

研究人员接着在实验鼠体内测试登革热和西尼罗河病人血清中的IgG是否增强寨卡感染能力。易受黄热病毒感染的Stat2缺陷的老鼠被注射了登革热和西尼罗河病人血清中的IgG和寨卡病毒。结果,发现注射了登革热和西尼罗河病人血清中的IgG的老鼠相对于来自正常人的血清,有更多的体重下降和更高的体温,在身体里其他的器官,比如眼、脑、子宫、睾丸的病毒量和复制率也更高。

这项研究,表明寨卡病毒也具有抗体介导的增强感染的现象。接种登革热和西尼罗病毒抗体所产生的抗体,可能使寨卡病毒感染能力增强。迫切的需要一种广泛的一次对抗所有黄热病毒的疫苗。

原始出处:
Susana V. Bardina, Paul Bunduc, Shashank Tripathi, et al., Enhancement of Zika virus pathogenesis by preexisting antiflavivirus immunity.Science 30 Mar 2017:eaal4365DOI: 10.1126/science.aal4365.

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    2017-05-01 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了,谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2017-04-02 jichang
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    2017-04-01 doctorJiangchao

    继续学习。

    0

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