Nature:癌症药物“PD- 1 抑制剂”有可能促进肿瘤完全爆发

2017-04-02 佚名 来宝网

释放免疫系统的强大药物具有消灭晚期疾病患者一部分癌症的前景。但是最近的两项研究 1,2 表明,这些称为 PD- 1 抑制剂的疗法可能会在某些患者中发生反应,加速癌症的传播。现在科学家想要找出原因。最新的研究太小,无法证明医生是如何治疗患者的。但研究已经促使呼吁进行更大的临床试验,以探索旨在控制肿瘤的免疫治疗药物如何刺激他们。美国马里兰州贝塞斯达的美国国家癌症研究所癌症研究员 Elad Sharon

释放免疫系统的强大药物具有消灭晚期疾病患者一部分癌症的前景。但是最近的两项研究 1,2 表明,这些称为 PD- 1 抑制剂的疗法可能会在某些患者中发生反应,加速癌症的传播。现在科学家想要找出原因。

最新的研究太小,无法证明医生是如何治疗患者的。但研究已经促使呼吁进行更大的临床试验,以探索旨在控制肿瘤的免疫治疗药物如何刺激他们。

美国马里兰州贝塞斯达的美国国家癌症研究所癌症研究员 Elad Sharon 说:“需要的是更大的研究,使肿瘤图像可供外界科学家分析”。他还说:“我们应该做的事可能是更多地与其他分支机构交叉授粉,以观察免疫系统”。

Kurzrock 将笔记与同事进行了比较,发现他们每个患者的 PD- 1 抑制剂治疗期间肿瘤生长异常快。她的同事几天后回来,并指出患者共享同样罕见的遗传改变:癌症驱动基因 MDM2 或 MDM4 的额外拷贝。

警告标志

Kurzrock 开始询问,收集关于人类甚至实验室小鼠的轶事 - 其肿瘤在用免疫治疗后进展迅速。即使收集了几个来源的例子,她对发布结果感到很紧张。

同时,法国维勒瑞夫的古斯塔夫·鲁西研究所的研究人员也遇到了同样的问题。研究所肿瘤学家 CharlesFerté回忆说:“出席会议的有几位医生报告了 PD- 1 治疗的异常反应”。有些朋友和同事说:“我用这种药治疗了肺部病人,肿瘤在两周内完全爆发”。

Ferté及其同事决定对患者进行肿瘤生长的系统研究。去年 11 月,他们发表了他们的结果:131 人接受了抗 PD- 1 治疗,9%发展成为调查人员称之为“超前进”疾病,加速肿瘤生长。这种现象似乎在 65 岁以上的人中更常见。

3 月 28 日,Kurzrock 及其同事公布了 155 例接受 PD- 1 抑制剂和其他免疫疗法治疗的患者的资料。六个人有 MDM2 或 MDM4 的额外拷贝,10 个在称为 EGFR 的基因中具有与癌症相关的突变。该小组没有看到年龄与急性恶化疾病之间有任何相关性,但是他们确实注意到,其中 4 例具有额外的 MDM2 或 MDM4 基因的肿瘤和 EGFR 突变患者中的两个肿瘤生长得更快。

原始出处:

1. Heidi Ledford.Promising cancer drugs may speed tumours in some patients.NATURE. 2017 Mar 31.

2.Kato S, Goodman AM, Walavalkar V, et al. Hyper-progressors after Immunotherapy: Analysis of Genomic Alterations Associated with Accelerated Growth Rate. Clin Cancer Res. 2017 Mar 28.

3. Champiat S, Dercle L, Ammari S, et al. Hyperprogressive Disease Is a New Pattern of Progression in Cancer Patients Treated by Anti-PD-1/PD-L1. Clin Cancer Res. 2016 Nov 8.

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    2018-01-01 jklm09
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    2018-01-10 liye789132251
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    2017-04-03 卡圣

    学习了,多谢分享

    0

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    2017-04-03 lovetcm

    药物两面性!

    0

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J Mol Diagn:美国发布NGS肿瘤panel验证指南

美国分子病理学学会(AMP)和美国病理学会(CAP)近日公布了基于二代测序的肿瘤panels验证指南,以提高实验室测序结果的质量,为患者提供更好的临床医疗服务。具体指南发表于《The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics》杂志上,包括了靶向测序方法和数据分析的概述、新检测方法的注意事项以及试验验证和质量控制指标的实施建议。