Eur J Endocrinol:大的泌乳素瘤使用卡麦角林治疗三个月后萎缩可预测其长期治疗效果

2021-10-29 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

除泌乳素瘤外,大腺瘤患者一般首选经蝶窦手术(TSS)的一线治疗,其中多巴胺激动剂(DA)是首选。

    除泌乳素瘤外,大腺瘤患者一般首选经蝶窦手术(TSS)的一线治疗,其中多巴胺激动剂(DA)是首选。目前,卡麦角林(cabergoline, CBG)是许多国家最有效、耐受性最好的DA,也是最常用的药物。CBG,每周治疗的中位剂量约1.0 mg,可使90%的微腺瘤患者和80%的大腺瘤患者泌乳素(PRL)正常化,并可使肿瘤减小。因此,除了急性症状受损的病例外,手术治疗仅用于DA出现耐药/不耐受的情况。本研究旨在确定CBG耐药性的预测因素,以选择可能受益于早期TSS患者的治疗方案。

   研究变量和实验方法:本研究对于有大的泌乳素瘤患者进行CBG治疗,治疗前、治疗后3个月和12个月行一系列泌乳素水平和MRI检查。主要结果是在CBG治疗12个月(TS_50)后,肿瘤大小缩小了≥50%(使用矢状面上最大的两个直径)。同时检查最重要的临床和生化指标以预测主要结果,具体如下:

  需测定的变量为人口学和临床特征:年龄、性别、闭经、溢乳、肿块效应(性腺功能减退、垂体功能减退、视力缺陷、鼻窦侵犯按Knosp分级和鞍区受累)。

  使用商业试剂盒(Siemens Healthineers)用化学发光免疫分析法测定血清PRL水平。检测下限为0.30 ng/mL。我们常规进行1:100血清PRL稀释,以排除大于4cm且PRL水平正常或可疑的大腺瘤的钩效应。催乳素正常化的定义是女性达到< 29.2 ng/mL,男性达到< 17.7 ng/mL。

  垂体MRI图像(基线和随访)采用3T或1.5T磁铁(Siemens)。标准MRI方案包括非增强和增强冠状面和矢状面二维t1加权成像,以及冠状面二维t2加权成像(层厚3mm)。测量肿瘤最大直径并用于将泌乳素瘤分为微泌乳素瘤(<10 mm)或大泌乳素瘤(≥10 mm)。利用矢状面两个最大直径计算肿瘤收缩百分比肿瘤收缩(%)=(基底D1*D2 -后D1*D2)*100/基底。

  CBG起始剂量为1-1.5 mg/周,并在2-4周内逐渐增加至维持剂量:1.5-2.5 mg/周,这取决于第一个月的PRL水平。在第一个月后,如果反应很少或没有反应,则可以增加剂量。收集的数据为每周CBG的剂量。

   结果:共185例催乳素瘤,其中微腺瘤124例(67.0%),大腺瘤61例(33.0%),其中27例符合入组标准,中位年龄42.5岁(IQR:28.0)。中位随访时间为67.5个月(智商:30.2)。10例(37.0%)患者在CBG治疗1年以上后接受手术治疗。首次MRI(3~4个月)容积缩小是预测TS_50的唯一有价值的指标:(OR:1.16(95%CI:1.02~1.32))。在CBG治疗的头3-4个月肿瘤体积缩小≥30%预测TS_50, AUC (0.95 (CI: 0.76-0.99))。

图1 (A)肿瘤缩小率(%)和(B)催乳素水平(ng/mL)图。该图显示了(A)肿瘤缩小和(B)催乳素水平在3-4个月(蓝色)和12-14个月(红色)的中位数。这些人群被分为反应良好者、反应不佳者和外科患者。TS,肿瘤收缩;PRL泌乳素。

图2 三组患者肿瘤大小的个体差异:卡麦角林反应良好,卡麦角林反应差,以及需要经蝶窦手术的患者。3个月的斜率在良好的反应者中更为明显。

图3 该图显示了达到TS_50的时间(在开始CBG后12个月,垂体磁共振评估肿瘤收缩≥为50%)。黄色为CBG治疗1年后接受TSS治疗的患者,绿色箭头表示未达到TS_50的患者,红色表示达到TS_50的患者。TSS,经蝶窦手术;CBG,卡麦角林。

结论:本研究表明,CBG治疗后3-4个月内肿瘤缩小是预测长期疗效的良好工具,有助于临床医生做出更恰当和个性化的决定。

原文出处:

 Biagetti B,  Sarria-Estrada S,  Ng-Wong YK,et al.Shrinkage by the third month predicts long-term response of macroprolactinoma after cabergoline.Eur J Endocrinol 2021 Aug 01

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    2022-08-12 chendoc252
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    2022-06-06 jktdtl
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