Laryngoscope:老年人中,耳蜗植入对认知功能有何影响?

2021-12-13 AlexYang MedSci原创

与年龄有关的听力损失是老年人中最常见的慢性疾病之一。

与年龄有关的听力损失是老年人中最常见的慢性疾病之一。听力损失的发病率在65岁以上的成年人中为25%到40%,而在85岁以上的老年人中超过了80%。除了听力损失增加外,老年人患痴呆症的风险也更高。2010年,70万65岁或以上的美国人患阿尔茨海默病。预计到2050年,阿尔茨海默病痴呆症的发病人数将增加到1380万。

近期,来自美国的研究人员在《Laryngoscope》上发表文章,调查了人工耳蜗植入治疗老年人的听力损失能否改善认知功能

研究涉及为前瞻性、干预性研究。有37名符合人工耳蜗植入标准的65岁及以上的参与者入选。受试者在术前接受了标准神经心理学测试,包括一般认知和情绪测试(迷你版精神状态检查[MMSE])、基于语言的刺激和反应测试(数字广度测试、Stroop、霍普金斯语言学习测试-修订版[HVLT-R]、海林句子填空)以及基于视觉的类似测试(空间广度测试、d2注意力测试、简要视觉空间记忆测试[BVMT]、Trails A 和 B)。并在术后12个月重复测试。

结果发现,术后一年,受试者在听力和以下认知功能测试方面都有明显的改善:d2注意力测试的集中表现、Hayling句子填空测试、HVLT-R(总回忆和延迟回忆)、空间广度测试(向后)和Stroop色词测试。研究人员对13名术前有认知障碍(MMSE≤24)的参与者和24名认知正常(MMSE≥25)的参与者进行了亚组分析。亚组分析发现,认知受损者的改善幅度更大,即在数字广度测试(比例分数)、Stroop色词测试(T-分数)、Stroop色词测试(残差和T-分数)、HVLT-R和Hayling(总体)方面均有统计学显著意义的改善。另外,参与者的所有基于语言的测试分数都有提高,75%的基于视觉的测试分数也有所提高

术前和术后,两个亚组的认知测试评分差异

综上所述,老年人植入人工耳蜗对认知是有益处的。对于在植入人工耳蜗前有认知障碍的老年人来说,其认知益处比认知正常的老年人更大

 

原始出处:

Richard K Gurgel , Kevin Duff , Norman L Foster et al. Evaluating the Impact of Cochlear Implantation on Cognitive Function in Older Adults. Laryngoscope. Nov 2021

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    2021-12-13 ms8000001062231879

    很好

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    2022-05-08 feather89
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