IBD: 炎症性肠病患者呼吸系统症状的患病率比一般人群要高

2022-05-04 xuyihan MedSci原创

炎症性肠病患者肠道不能正常吸收进食的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、维生素及多种微量元素,加上肠道炎症或服用的药物可能造成食欲不佳,因此炎性肠病常伴随着不同程度的营养不良,甚至影响小孩正常的生长发育。

炎症性肠病(IBD)主要包括克罗恩病(CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(UC)。肠外表现 (EIM) 在IBD患者中很常见,高达 50%的患者在其一生中至少出现1次EIM。发生 EIM 的可能性随着疾病持续时间和已经出现其他​ EIM症状而增加。最常见的 EIM 涉及皮肤、眼睛和关节。IBD患者肺部受累的发病机制是多因素的。肺和胃肠道之间有许多相似之处,包括它们的胚胎起源于原始前肠的组织学结构。自新疗法出现以来,很少有前瞻性研究考虑 IBD 与呼吸系统之间的相互作用。本项研究旨在描述炎症性肠病患者呼吸道症状的患病率和相关因素。

 

本项研究是一项观察性前瞻性横断面研究,研究人员使用经过验证的自我报告问卷评估了 2019年2月至2021年2月就诊南锡大学医院消化内科的炎症性肠病患者的呼吸道症状的发生频率。如果问卷结果呈阳性,则为患者提供与肺病专家的会诊的机会,以调查潜在的潜在呼吸系统疾病。

 

本项研究共纳入325名患者,其中180名患者问卷呈阳性(144 名患有克罗恩病)。在纳入的患者中,165 名(50.8%)出现呼吸道症状,呼吸困难是最常见的症状(102 名患者)。有 102 名患者 (56.7%) 从肺科会诊中受益:43 名 (42.2%) 被诊断患有呼吸系统疾病,主要是哮喘 ( n=13) 或慢性阻塞性肺病 ( n=10)。14 名患者 (13.7%) 患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。体重指数增加、吸烟者或前吸烟者以及有关节外肠表现与呼吸道症状的较高患病率独立相关。

图:炎症性肠病肠外表现

 

在本项研究中,一半的炎症性肠病患者报告了呼吸道症状。因此,临床工作中应对炎症性肠病患者进行系统筛查,因为该人群中经常存在肺部疾病,特别注意吸烟者或戒烟者以及有关节外肠道表现的患者。

 

 

原始出处:

Simon Valentin. Et al. Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Respiratory Symptoms Among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Prospective Study. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.2022.

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    2022-05-04 bnurmamat
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