JNCI:惊!吃PDE5抑制剂会得黑色素瘤?

2017-05-30 孔萌萌 肿瘤资讯

鉴于有研究报道,磷酸二酯酶抑制剂(PDE5I)可能增加黑色素瘤风险,因此FDA最近公布称,需要评估PDE5I和黑色素瘤之间的相关性。纽约大学郎赣医学中心的Stacy Loeb博士进行了一项荟萃分析,研究显示,使用PDE5I并不会造成致命形式的皮肤癌——黑色素瘤的进展。背景和目的:PDE5I是勃起功能障碍的一线治疗药物,预估达20%的60岁及以上和30%的70岁及以上的男性需要服用。黑色素瘤患者

鉴于有研究报道,磷酸二酯酶抑制剂(PDE5I)可能增加黑色素瘤风险,因此FDA最近公布称,需要评估PDE5I和黑色素瘤之间的相关性。纽约大学郎赣医学中心的Stacy Loeb博士进行了一项荟萃分析,研究显示,使用PDE5I并不会造成致命形式的皮肤癌——黑色素瘤的进展。

背景和目的:PDE5I是勃起功能障碍的一线治疗药物,预估达20%的60岁及以上和30%的70岁及以上的男性需要服用。黑色素瘤患者的BRAF突变中,常见5型磷酸二酯酶的表达下调,这就对药物抑制是否会增加黑色素瘤风险提出了质疑。

2014年,Li等发现,西地那非的使用和黑色素瘤风险之间存在相关性。从那以后,有数个使用美国和欧洲大型数据库进行的研究发表。2016年,美国食品和药品监督管理局将PDE5I列为可能引起安全性问题的有待观察的药物。因此,这项研究的目的为使用随机效应模型,对已经发表的PDE5I和黑色素瘤风险之间相关性的有关数据进行一项荟萃分析。特别的,该荟萃分析将确定该相关性是否符合因果关系的Hill标准。

方法:研究人员对1998~2016年的Medline、Embase和Cochrane图书馆进行了系统检索。鉴别出的3项病例对照研究和2项独立的队列研究,总共包含866049名男性,其中的41874名男性确诊为黑色素瘤。

结果:PED5I使用者的黑色素瘤风险增加(相对风险RR,1.11;95% CI,1.02~1.22)。研究间的异质性未达到统计学显着性(I2=55.9%,P=0.06)。

仅有较低的PDE5I暴露与黑色素瘤风险的增加相关(RR,1.15;95% CI,1.01~1.31),而较高暴露并非如此(RR,1.09;95% CI,0.97~1.23)。基底细胞癌风险的增加(RR,1.16;95% CI,1.13~1.20)与黑色素瘤风险的增加相似。相关结果见图1。


图1:PDE5I的使用和黑色素瘤风险之间的相关性

两项研究报道了3个不同人群中的疾病分期特异性的评估值(图2)。较高的PED5I暴露与0期黑色素瘤风险的增加相关(RR,1.45;95% CI,1.09~1.92),与II期~IV期黑色素瘤风险的降低相关(RR,0.67;95% CI,0.46~0.97)。


图2:根据疾病分期确定的较多使用PDE5I和黑色素瘤风险之间的相关性

4项关于PDE5I和黑色素瘤的观察性研究的荟萃分析发现,二者之间存在统计学显着的相关性,然而并未符合因果关系的Hill标准,表明二者之间没有因果关系。第一项研究检测了25848例美国健康的专业人士,其中的6%自我报告使用过西地那非。西地那非的使用与黑色素瘤具有统计学显着的相关性(调整风险比HR,1.84;95% CI,1.04~3.22),但是与其他皮肤癌不相关。未报道疾病分期特异性结果。

第二项研究使用的数据来自于瑞典前列腺癌数据库中的全国瑞典登记(PCBaSe),比较了4065例黑色素瘤病例和20235例年龄配对的对照。总体来说,435例病例和1713例对照暴露于PED5I。虽然PDE5I使用者中,总体黑色素瘤风险增加,但是没有剂量效应关系,也没有高分期疾病风险的增加。PED5I使用者也统计学显着性更可能确诊为基底细胞皮肤癌,表明缺乏特异性。

两项随后的研究都使用了英国临床实践数据链的数据。Lian等研究发现,勃起功能障碍的男性中,PDE5I的使用与黑色素瘤之间不存在统计学显着的相关性(PDE5I使用者vs不使用者:328例事件/491478人年vs 112/207001人年;调整HR,1.18;95% CI,0.95~1.47),与其他皮肤癌症也不存在相关性。然而,亚组分析表明,服用7个或更多个PDE5I处方的男性中,黑色素瘤的风险统计学显着性增加,服用2个~5个PDE5I处方的男性中,基底细胞癌风险统计学显着性增加。Matthews等进行的另一项研究使用了相同的数据库,但是患者的选择基于PDE5I的处方。与配对对照相比,PDE5I使用者具有统计学显着性高的黑色素瘤、基底细胞癌、日光性角化病的风险,而PDE5I和结直肠癌(与UV暴露不相关的恶性肿瘤)之间没有统计学显着的相关性。日光性角化病的男性更可能之后使用PDE5I,这是阳光暴露作为一个混杂因素的进一步证据。

Pottegard等使用丹麦和加利福利亚的大型注册进行了一项独立的病例对照分析,研究并未发现PDE5I的使用和较高剂量的PDE5I使用与总体黑色素瘤风险显着相关。值得注意的是,PDE5I的使用和皮肤癌与社会经济状态强烈相关,表明受到生活方式因素的混杂。

结论:此项荟萃分析表明,PDE5I和黑色素瘤之间存在较弱的相关性,因缺乏剂量应答、生物梯度和特异性,该相关性不符合Hill因果关系的标准。观察到的相关性可能归因于其他因素的混杂,尤其是阳光暴露。

点评:使用勃起功能障碍药物伟哥并不会造成黑色素瘤的进展。这是纽约大学郎赣医学中心及珀尔马特癌症中心的研究人员进行的一项新研究的主要结果,该结果在线发表于5月19日的JNCI上。

虽然研究人员发现,勃起药物(PDE5I)使用者中,发生黑色素瘤的风险总体增加11%,但未发现证据表明PDE5I会造成黑色素瘤。相反,研究人员将该风险定义为“检测偏倚”,即可能服用勃起药物的患者比同龄的其他患者可能具有更多的健康意识、更可能看医生,也更可能确诊为黑色素瘤。

纽约大学郎赣医学中心的泌尿科医师、助理教授Stacy Loeb博士说:“医生仍然会筛查黑色素瘤风险,但是他们不需要特意的将伟哥和类似药物加入到筛查标准清单中。一般来说,男性应继续当心阳光过度暴露所造成的任何类型皮肤癌的风险,并使用防晒措施。”

“总体来说,伟哥和其他PDE5I是一种安全的药物。”Loeb说,“医生和患者不必因担心黑色素瘤而惧怕服用这些药物。”

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    2022-04-11 767692719

    这是17年的文章,有最新的关于这方面的研究进展吗?

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encodeId=bdbb204e15b9, content=学习了谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:10:54 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-08-20 jklm09
  4. 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encodeId=bdbb204e15b9, content=学习了谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:10:54 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1210164, encodeId=cd141210164d4, content=这是17年的文章,有最新的关于这方面的研究进展吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e4a41561041, createdName=767692719, createdTime=Mon Apr 11 00:00:23 CST 2022, time=2022-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1933726, encodeId=84591933e263f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=71a81258504' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NCI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12585, encryptionId=71a81258504, topicName=NCI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0ee7414, createdName=lanyan20020086, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 10:42:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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encodeId=bdbb204e15b9, content=学习了谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:10:54 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-04 1e1263e3m20(暂无匿称)

    涨知识了,多谢分享

    0

  6. 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encodeId=bdbb204e15b9, content=学习了谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:10:54 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-09-10 sunylz
  7. 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encodeId=bdbb204e15b9, content=学习了谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:10:54 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-01 luominglian113

    涨知识了,谢谢分享

    0

  8. 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  9. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1210164, encodeId=cd141210164d4, content=这是17年的文章,有最新的关于这方面的研究进展吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e4a41561041, createdName=767692719, createdTime=Mon Apr 11 00:00:23 CST 2022, time=2022-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1933726, encodeId=84591933e263f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=71a81258504' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#NCI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12585, encryptionId=71a81258504, topicName=NCI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0ee7414, createdName=lanyan20020086, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 10:42:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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  10. 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encodeId=bdbb204e15b9, content=学习了谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:10:54 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-31 130****4638

    学习了谢谢分享。

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