PNAS:IL-33可能是特应性皮炎发作的关键因子

2013-08-07 PNAS MedSci原创

特应性皮炎(atopic dermatitis, AD),即湿疹的一种,是具有家族遗传倾向的慢性过敏性皮肤病,常伴有支气管哮喘和过敏性鼻炎。这种病病程长、治疗难,被医学界视为“湿疹中最难治的一种”。 日本一个研究小组发表的报告显示,如果皮肤等部位产生过量“白细胞介素-33”,就会导致特应性皮炎。这一发现有望帮助医学界开发出新的治疗药物。 此前曾有研究报告指出,白细胞介素-33 与花粉症、哮

特应性皮炎(atopic dermatitis,AD)是一种慢性、复发性炎症性皮肤病,主要表现为剧烈的瘙痒、明显的湿疹样变和皮肤干燥。AD常自婴幼儿发病,部分患者延续终 生,可因慢性复发性湿疹样皮疹、严重瘙痒、睡眠缺失、饮食限制以及心理社会影响而严重影响患者的生活质量。是具有家族遗传倾向的慢性过敏性皮肤病,常伴有支气管哮喘和过敏性鼻炎。这种病病程长、治疗难,被医学界视为“湿疹中最难治的一种”。

日本一个研究小组发表的报告显示,如果皮肤等部位产生过量“白细胞介素-33(IL-33)”,就会导致特应性皮炎。这一发现有望帮助医学界开发出新的治疗药物。

此前曾有研究报告指出,白细胞介素-33 与花粉症、哮喘和过敏性鼻炎等疾病的发病和恶化有关。在特应性皮炎患者的皮肤细胞中,白细胞介素-33 含量比一般人高,但是研究人员一直没有弄清其与发病的因果关系。

兵库医科大学和三重大学的研究小组通过基因操作,培育出白细胞介素-33 含量相当于通常水平约 10 倍的实验鼠。研究人员把这些实验鼠放在清洁的环境下饲养,结果在出生 6 至 8 周后,这些实验鼠面部、四肢、尾巴都出现了特应性皮炎症状,并且皮肤变厚,研究人员还观察到了实验鼠因瘙痒而抓脸的情形。

研究小组发现,在这些实验鼠的皮肤组织中,肥大细胞达到正常水平的 3 倍,这类细胞本身储存有致痒的组胺;此外,引发炎症的嗜酸粒细胞也是正常水平的 7.4 倍。

研究小组成员、兵库医科大学教授山西清文指出:“至少 20% 的日本人患有特应性皮炎,但是目前只有对症疗法。如果能弄清白细胞介素-33 的产生过程,阻止其增加,就有可能开发出新的皮炎治疗药物。”

这一成果的论文已刊登在新一期美国《国家科学院学报》(PNAS)网络版上。

Yasutomo Imai, Koubun Yasuda, Yoshiko Sakaguchi, Takashi Haneda, Hitoshi Mizutani, Tomohiro Yoshimoto, Kenji Nakanishi, and Kiyofumi Yamanishi. Skin-specific expression of IL-33 activates group 2 innate lymphoid cells and elicits atopic dermatitis-like inflammation in mice. PNAS August 5, 2013; doi:10.1073/pnas.1307321110

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    2013-11-15 drwjr
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    2013-08-09 宋威