Sci Sig封面文章:阿尔茨海默病重要遗传病因及潜在治疗方法

2016-05-14 佚名 生物谷

本期封面 在阿尔茨海默病的发病过程中,beta淀粉样蛋白形成的斑块会在脑中积累,损伤神经元之间的连接。现在来自加州大学圣地亚哥分校和哈佛大学医学院的研究人员发现蛋白激酶C(PKC)alpha在beta淀粉样蛋白对神经元连接的损伤过程中起关键作用。他们还发现了增强阿尔茨海默病病人体内PKC alpha活性的基因变异。 相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Science Signaling上。

本期封面

在阿尔茨海默病的发病过程中,beta淀粉样蛋白形成的斑块会在脑中积累,损伤神经元之间的连接。现在来自加州大学圣地亚哥分校和哈佛大学医学院的研究人员发现蛋白激酶C(PKC)alpha在beta淀粉样蛋白对神经元连接的损伤过程中起关键作用。他们还发现了增强阿尔茨海默病病人体内PKC alpha活性的基因变异。

相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Science Signaling上。

 "之前认为PKC有助于细胞存活,PKC活性过强可能导致癌症。基于这一假设,许多公司将PKC抑制剂作为药物用于癌症治疗,但是都未起效。"

文章作者Alexandra Newton这样说道。 "我们最近发现事实可能恰恰相反。PKC实际作为细胞生长和存活的制动器发挥作用,因此PKC活性受到抑制的时候,癌细胞会获益。我们的最新研究表明PKC活性过强也不好,会驱动神经退行性疾病的发生。这提示在癌症治疗中未起效的PKC抑制剂药物可能为阿尔茨海默病的治疗提供一个新的治疗选择。

" 在这项研究中,研究人员发现对于缺失了PKC alpha基因的小鼠来说,即使存在beta淀粉样蛋白,其神经元功能仍然能保持正常。随后研究人员在小鼠体内重新恢复了PKC alpha基因的表达,结果又发现beta淀粉样蛋白对神经元功能造成损伤。

在此之后研究人员利用迟发性阿尔茨海默病病人的遗传信息数据库寻找可能存在的罕见变异,该数据库包含410个患病家庭,共计1345人。结果在5个家庭中发现编码PKC alpha的基因存在三个基因变异可能与阿尔茨海默病的发生有关。研究人员将这三个基因变异复制到细胞系中进行功能验证,结果发现每一个基因变异都能够导致PKC alpha活性增强。

Newton表示他们认为除了这三个基因变异还会存在其他遗传基因变异通过间接方式抑制或增强PKC alpha活性,进而影响阿尔茨海默病的发生。他们希望能够通过进一步工作找到更多参与这一病理过程的分子,推动阿尔茨海默病的研究和治疗。

原始出处:

Stephanie I. Alfonso et al.Gain-of-function mutations in protein kinase Cα (PKCα) may promote synaptic defects in Alzheimer’s disease. Sci. Signal.10 May 2016:
Vol. 9, Issue 427, pp. ra47 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf6209

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    2017-06-24 Julie W

    Newton表示他们认为除了这三个基因变异还会存在其他遗传基因变异通过间接方式抑制或增强PKC alpha活性,进而影响阿尔茨海默病的发生。他们希望能够通过进一步工作找到更多参与这一病理过程的分子,推动阿尔茨海默病的研究和治疗。

    0

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    2016-05-15 那夏花开

    为什么他们就这么聪明

    0

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