Eur Heart J:“抑郁和冠心病”声明:建议冠心病患者筛查抑郁,怀疑者应转专科治疗

2019-02-26 卢芳 中国循环杂志

近日,欧洲心脏病学会(ESC)发布关于抑郁和冠心病立场文件,指出15~30%的冠心病患者伴有抑郁,比普通人群高2~3倍。女性约为男性2倍,尤其是年轻女士急性心肌梗死患者。

近日,欧洲心脏病学会(ESC)发布关于抑郁和冠心病立场文件,指出15~30%的冠心病患者伴有抑郁,比普通人群高2~3倍。女性约为男性2倍,尤其是年轻女士急性心肌梗死患者。

而且冠心病和抑郁存在恶性循环,冠心病患者中抑郁较常见,而抑郁者预后较差。

冠心病合并抑郁者常发生的气短和(或)胸痛与冠心病严重程度无关,比其他传统危险因素预测性更强。

这可能与抑郁和胸痛有共同的神经激素途径和遗传背景有关。

图1 冠心病患者中抑郁和胸痛的关系

冠心病合并抑郁预后较差的潜在机制是复杂和多因素的,其中植物神经功能紊乱、炎症、内皮功能紊乱、血小板活化和血栓形成、生活行为和心脏代谢危险因素等都交织其中。

文件强调,识别和纠正抑郁是提高冠心病患者生存质量的可改善因素,临床医生应加强认识。

文件指出,对于繁忙的心脏科,贝克抑郁自评量表较为实用,有助于可靠筛查抑郁状况。

在治疗方面,药物治疗、各种形式心理治疗、运动和压力管理等均可选择。

文件指出,尽管治疗抑郁能改善血管疾病预后尚未证实,但对于严重抑郁的冠心病患者,处理抑郁有助于促进患者健康和提高生活质量。

其中,三环类抗抑郁药物在冠心病合并抑郁患者中应避免使用。

总之,文件推荐:

1. 临床医生应该明了冠心病患者中抑郁的较高共患情况,争取对冠心病患者中筛查抑郁。

2. 对于怀疑抑郁的冠心病患者,应该移交到专科医生诊疗

3.可考虑运动和心理治疗等非药物治疗。

4. 对于冠心病合并抑郁的患者,多学科治疗必不可少。

附贝克抑郁量表(Beck Depression Inventory):

根据下表自我评估,共21题:

总分10分:很健康、无抑郁;

总分10分~15分:有轻度情绪不良,要注意调节;

总分大于15分者:已有抑郁,需要去看心理医生;

总分大于25分:抑郁严重,必须看心理医生。

原始出处:Viola Vaccarino  Lina Badimon  J Douglas Bremner, et al. Depression and coronary heart disease: 2018 ESC position paper of the working group of coronary pathophysiology and microcirculation developed under the auspices of the ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines. Eur Heart J, 28 January 2019

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    2019-05-06 小豁牙

    真的挺好

    0

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    2019-02-27 zhaojie88
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    2019-02-27 slcumt
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    2019-02-26 深海的鱼

    学习学习学习

    0

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    2019-02-26 飛歌

    学习了很有用不错

    0

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