Am J Kidney Dis:慢性肾脏病患者钠限制自我管理的有效性评估

2016-12-25 haofan MedSci原创

与常规护理相比,这种自我管理干预策略能够改善预后,虽然对钠排泄和动态血压的影响随着时间的推移有所减弱消失。

近日,肾脏病领域权威杂志Am J Kidney Dis上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员评估了慢性肾脏病患者钠限制自我管理的有效性和可持续性。

该研究为开放随机对照试验,该研究纳入了荷兰4所医院的中度肾功能下降患者,比较了常规护理与常规护理加上包括教育、动机访谈、辅导和自我监测血压和钠的干预措施。该研究的主要结局为干预3个月后和随访6个月的钠排泄和血压水平。次要结局为蛋白尿、肾功能、抗高血压药物、自我有效和健康相关生活质量(HRQOL)。

在基线水平,平均尿钠排泄率为163.6±64.9 mmol/24h;平均肾小球滤过率为49.7±25.6 mL/min/1.73 m2;中位蛋白排泄率为0.8(四分位间距为0.4-1.7)g/24h;平均24小时动态收缩压和舒张压分别为129±15和76±9mmHg。


相比于单独进行常规护理(n=71),3个月后,干预组(n=67)显示钠排泄率(平均变化为-30.3 [95%可信区间为-54.7至-5.9] mmol/24h)、白天动态舒张压(平均变化为-3.4[95%可信区间为-6.3至0.6] mmHg)、舒张办公室血压(平均变化为-5.2 [95%可信区间为-8.4至-2.1] mmHg)、蛋白排泄率(平均变化未-0.4 [95%可信区间为-0.7至-0.1] g/24h)和改善的自我有效(平均变化为0.5 [ 95%可信区间为0.1至0.9 ])显著降低。

在随访6个月后,两组间钠排泄率和动态血压差异无显著性,但诊室收缩压和舒张压(平均变化分别为-7.3 [95%可信区间为-12.7至-1.9]和-3.8[95%可信区间为-6.9至-0.6] mmHg)、蛋白排泄率(平均变化为-0.3[95%可信区间为-0.6至-0.1]g/24h)和自我有效(平均变化为0.5
[95%可信区间为0至0.9])之间的差异具有统计学意义。在肾功能、用药和HRQoL方面无差异。

由此可见,与常规护理相比,这种自我管理干预策略能够改善预后,虽然对钠排泄和动态血压的影响随着时间的推移有所减弱消失。

原始出处:

Yvette Meuleman,et al. Sodium Restriction in Patients With CKD: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Self-management Support. Am J Kidney Dis.2016.

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    2016-12-27 gwc389
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    2016-12-26 ylzr123

    与常规护理相比,这种自我管理干预策略能够改善预后,虽然对钠排泄和动态血压的影响随着时间的推移有所减弱消失。

    0

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高血压是慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者最常见的合并症,影响67%~92%的CKD患者。CKD患者异常血压节律发生率高(60.6% vs 43.2%,P<0.001),且90.7%血压未控制的CKD患者都合并夜间高血压。随着肾功能损伤的加重,勺型血压比例下降,非勺型、反勺型血压比例升高。流行病学调查显示,维持性血液透析患者90%为非勺型血压。据报道,CKD患者夜间收缩压每升高11.8 mmHg(