J Neurosci:为什么人们听不到自己的心跳?

2016-05-11 MedSci MedSci原创

我们的心脏一直都在跳动,它发出的声音也一直没有停止。心跳声意味着在你胸腔内有一大块肌肉正在努力将血液运输到身体各处,然而,除非你极度恐惧,或者刚刚锻炼完在大口喘气,否则你几乎不会听到自己的心跳。 近期的一项研究显示,我们的大脑会调低心跳的音量,使其不会干扰我们的感官接收到的信息。为了跟上从眼睛、耳朵、鼻子和其他感觉器官接收到的海量信息,大脑必须过滤掉一些背景噪音,包括我们的心跳。结果发表在《

我们的心脏一直都在跳动,它发出的声音也一直没有停止。心跳声意味着在你胸腔内有一大块肌肉正在努力将血液运输到身体各处,然而,除非你极度恐惧,或者刚刚锻炼完在大口喘气,否则你几乎不会听到自己的心跳。

近期的一项研究显示,我们的大脑会调低心跳的音量,使其不会干扰我们的感官接收到的信息。为了跟上从眼睛、耳朵、鼻子和其他感觉器官接收到的海量信息,大脑必须过滤掉一些背景噪音,包括我们的心跳。结果发表在《神经科学杂志》(Journal-of-Neuroscience)上。

瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院(EPFL)的研究者发现,这一过滤过程受到大脑一片特殊区域的控制。此外,他们的研究结果还显示,如果感官信号与心跳同步,那心跳声的过滤就可能干扰感知的过程。

“大脑本身决定要了解哪些信息,但令我们惊奇的是,我们的心脏也会影响我们看见的东西,”EPFL的神经科学家罗伊·萨洛蒙(Roy-Salomon)说道。

心电图记录装置的资料图。有超过150位志愿者参与了实验,他们被要求感知一个在屏幕上一闪而过的形状。当形状闪过的时间刚好与心跳重合时,志愿者在感知上就会更加困难

研究人员通过实验发现,当一个人必须同时处理感官信息和心跳声音时,大脑会相当挣扎。有超过150位志愿者参与了实验,他们被要求感知一个在屏幕上一闪而过的形状。当形状闪过的时间刚好与心跳重合时,志愿者在感知上就会更加困难。

功能核磁共振成像扫描的结果显示,实验中志愿者大脑的中央内凹陷的区域——称为“岛叶皮质”,与意识、感知和保持身体功能在背景中照常运行有关——出现了血流量增加的情况。

当屏幕上形状闪过与心跳同步时,志愿者的岛叶皮质呈现相对正常的状态,他们也能够在形状出现的时候看到形状。但是,当形状的出现与心跳同步时,大脑该区域的活动减缓,导致他们难以感知到一闪而过的形状。研究人员认为,这一大脑区域血流量的增加,很可能与持续的心跳声音信号过滤有关。

研究结果表明,岛叶皮质在感知和分辨体内、外信号时发挥着重要作用,而且大脑会调低某些信号的“音量”,以更加专注于其他信号

这些结果还表明,岛叶皮质在感知和分辨体内、外信号时发挥着重要作用,而且大脑会调低某些信号的“音量”,以更加专注于其他信号。 “你不希望自己体内的知觉干扰对外部的感知。了解外部发生的事情是对你有益的,”萨洛蒙补充道,“当我们的大脑刚开始形成的时候,心脏就已经在不停跳动了,我们从存在的一开始就暴露在心跳声中。因此,大脑能抑制这种声音,使其不那么明显,也就不奇怪了。”

对心跳的感知越明显,意味着焦虑失调的程度越深。萨洛蒙说:“在大多数情况下,我们并不会听到自己的心跳,因为大脑中有一块特殊区域负责抑制这一声音信号。”

原始出处:

Salomon R, Ronchi R, Dönz J, Bello-Ruiz J, Herbelin B, Martet R, Faivre N, Schaller K, Blanke O. The Insula Mediates Access to Awareness of Visual Stimuli Presented Synchronously to the Heartbeat. J Neurosci. 2016 May 4;36(18):5115-27.

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364110, encodeId=f8221364110a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Fri May 13 08:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85555, encodeId=abeb85555a1, content=有意思的实验, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIKlpu9buib1TxXRibfFuzYXHaLxQgfUpwzYwTMo8551BS40KVZNRDLWmAXSibjfnFm0QggOrCSWElfw/132, createdBy=95aa1617853, createdName=happy1, createdTime=Thu May 12 06:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85552, encodeId=7fe28555242, content=心慌或许有关于此, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e31c1656664, createdName=永圣, createdTime=Thu May 12 00:14:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85534, encodeId=8e2685534bb, content=非常有意思,确实有道理,而且有趣味性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Wed May 11 19:11:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-13 lsndxfj
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364110, encodeId=f8221364110a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Fri May 13 08:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85555, encodeId=abeb85555a1, content=有意思的实验, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIKlpu9buib1TxXRibfFuzYXHaLxQgfUpwzYwTMo8551BS40KVZNRDLWmAXSibjfnFm0QggOrCSWElfw/132, createdBy=95aa1617853, createdName=happy1, createdTime=Thu May 12 06:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85552, encodeId=7fe28555242, content=心慌或许有关于此, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e31c1656664, createdName=永圣, createdTime=Thu May 12 00:14:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85534, encodeId=8e2685534bb, content=非常有意思,确实有道理,而且有趣味性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Wed May 11 19:11:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-12 happy1

    有意思的实验

    0

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    2016-05-12 永圣

    心慌或许有关于此

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364110, encodeId=f8221364110a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Fri May 13 08:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85555, encodeId=abeb85555a1, content=有意思的实验, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIKlpu9buib1TxXRibfFuzYXHaLxQgfUpwzYwTMo8551BS40KVZNRDLWmAXSibjfnFm0QggOrCSWElfw/132, createdBy=95aa1617853, createdName=happy1, createdTime=Thu May 12 06:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85552, encodeId=7fe28555242, content=心慌或许有关于此, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e31c1656664, createdName=永圣, createdTime=Thu May 12 00:14:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85534, encodeId=8e2685534bb, content=非常有意思,确实有道理,而且有趣味性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Wed May 11 19:11:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-11 medcardio

    非常有意思,确实有道理,而且有趣味性

    0