纳米人工红细胞可精准治疗癌症

2016-04-01 蔡林涛等 《科学报告》

近日

近日,广东医科大学药学院博士郑明彬和中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院蔡林涛、马轶凡等专家,在纳米人工红细胞可视化精准治疗癌症方面取得突破,相关成果在著名国际学术刊物《Scientific Reports》发表。

据郑明彬介绍,该团队采用聚合物包载光敏剂(吲哚菁绿)——氧载体(血红蛋白)复合物,覆盖类似红细胞膜的磷脂层,构建了具备携氧和释氧功能的纳米人工红细胞。纳米人工红细胞携带血红蛋白、氧和光敏剂穿透进入到肿瘤内部,突破了肿瘤缺氧微环境和氧供应不足对光动力治疗的障碍;激光照射产生使细胞致死的单线态氧和高价铁——血红蛋白,实现了肿瘤的高效治疗。

“肿瘤缺氧是实体肿瘤微环境的主要特征,缺氧的情况下会促进肿瘤进一步恶化,降低化疗、放疗、光动力等手段的治疗效果,并产生耐药性及肿瘤侵袭转移。纳米人工红细胞将氧气‘运输’到肿瘤所在位置进行释放,能够直接将氧传递到肿瘤内部,提高肿瘤治疗效果。”郑明彬说。

与此同时,纳米人工红细胞治疗方法还能够实现“可视化”。郑明彬表示,其包载的光敏剂、氧合血红蛋白的荧光或光声信号能够实时监控在肿瘤部位的光敏剂和氧的富集与代谢,能可视化、无创地引导治疗过程。目前,该研究已经进入动物实验阶段,对小鼠的治疗效果十分理想。

“吸入高氧、高压氧仓等疗法能够激活抗肿瘤免疫,并降低肿瘤细胞对化疗、放疗、光动力治疗等的耐受性。纳米人工红细胞能够更加高效地载氧进入肿瘤内部,为氧干预的化疗、放疗、光动力治疗和免疫治疗等带来新的辅助手段。”广东医科大学药学院院长李宝红说。

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