Cell:改写朊蛋白含义!朊蛋白也能够传递有益性状

2016-10-09 佚名 生物谷

朊蛋白(prion)因作为导致疯牛病等致命性大脑功能障碍的致病因子而为人所熟知。在一项新的研究中,来自美国斯坦福大学医学院的研究人员发现,朊蛋白能够有助酵母存活和传递有益性状到它们的后代。相关研究结果发布发表在2016年10月6日那期Cell期刊上,论文标题为“Intrinsically Disordered Proteins Drive Emergence and Inheritan


朊蛋白(prion)因作为导致疯牛病等致命性大脑功能障碍的致病因子而为人所熟知。在一项新的研究中,来自美国斯坦福大学医学院的研究人员发现,朊蛋白能够有助酵母存活和传递有益性状到它们的后代。相关研究结果发布发表在2016年10月6日那期Cell期刊上,论文标题为“Intrinsically Disordered Proteins Drive Emergence and Inheritance of Biological Traits”。

这项研究表明在酵母---可能其他的有机体,如人类---中,基于蛋白的遗传要比之前所认为的更加广泛,而且可能在进化上发挥着作用。

论文共同通信作者、斯坦福大学医学院化学与系统生物学助理教授、发育生物学助理教授Daniel Jarosz博士说,“在进化上存在一个悖论。我们知道存在相当多的机制来保护遗传密码的完整性并且确保它忠实地传递到未来的子孙后代。但是我们也知道进化上的成功需要适应性。你如何能够让这种需求与用于获得新功能的原材料实在有限的事实相一致呢?”

Jarosz预感朊蛋白可能是答案的一部分。这项新研究指出可能就是这种情形。

朊蛋白如何发挥作用

阮蛋白是生物体正常基因编码的产物,本不具有感染性和致病性,但是遗传突变可以产生传染性阮蛋白,可以将正常的阮蛋白异构为传染性阮蛋白,其因为结构特殊,无法被细胞内的溶酶体中的蛋白酶分解,而在溶酶体中大量积累,最终导致溶酶体涨破,使其中的蛋白酶流出而对细胞造成破坏,使神经细胞大量死亡而产生海绵状空洞。疯牛病、羊瘙痒症、库鲁病都是由阮蛋白引起。

就疯牛病而言,一种传染性朊蛋白导致正常的朊蛋白以一种导致牛的大脑和脊髓中的组织遭受损伤的方式发生折叠。作为疯牛病的人类版本,变异型库贾氏病(variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease)能够由吃来自被感染的牛的牛肉产品造成。

单个传染性朊蛋白能够快速地让很多正常的朊蛋白发生转化而呈现出相同的形状,而且鉴于一种蛋白的形状决定着它的行为,这意味着这个传染性朊蛋白也能够改变这些正常的朊蛋白的行为。再者,当一个细胞发生分裂时,产生的两个新的子细胞可能携带将继续触发这些转化的朊蛋白。这意味着这些后代也将表现出这种新的行为,即遗传并不是通过标准的DNA方式而是通过蛋白永久存在。

朊蛋白并不是都是不好的

但是Jarosz知道并不是所有的朊蛋白都是不好的。从他在美国麻省理工学院怀特海德研究所Susan Lindquist博士实验室作为博士后时起,他已了解一些有益的朊蛋白,其中Lindquist博士也是当前的这篇论文的共同通信作者,并且开创性地研究了作为遗传的一种促进者的朊蛋白。当2013年,Jarosz作为一名助理教授任职于斯坦福大学时,他开始系统性地评估一种有机体的基于朊蛋白的遗传。他说,他选择酵母开展研究是因为全世界的科学家们已确定了这种有机体的遗传学行为,而且已开发出综合性的工具来分析它们。

Jarosz 说,“我想知道酵母基因组中的基于蛋白的遗传的深度。它真地是如此罕见的吗?”

在几台自动化仪器的帮助下,他的团队在48小时内过量表达几乎任何一个酵母基因,而且是逐一表达的---触发每个基因10到100倍多地表达蛋白。在他们触发的5300个基因当中,他们发现46种表达的蛋白在它们的表达水平恢复正常后仍然导致性状在很多代之间遗传。这些性状一般而言都是有益的,如抵抗温度应激和抗真菌药物,或者在高温下加快生长。

当研究人员分析了这些蛋白的形状时,他们发现它们中的少数类似于他们之前期待朊蛋白看起来像什么的样子。大多数之前所知的朊蛋白以一种紧密地包裹在一起并且形成长的原纤维的方式发生折叠。这些新发现的朊蛋白缺乏这种特征,但是它们中的很多蛋白有相同的其他特征:它们被强烈地吸引到DNA分子上,而且它们形成特色性的长长的松软的“臂”而能够以多种方式发生折叠。

非孟德尔遗传

Jarosz说,发现酵母中未知的朊蛋白并不是像人们可能所认为的那样危险。对朊蛋白而言,跨物种模板(cross-species templating)的效率是非常低的。他说,“这很可能是疯牛病并不更加普遍存在的主要原因之一。人朊蛋白则会引发安全担忧。但是幸运的是,诸如漂白或浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中之类的简单处理方法能够让这些蛋白构象变得无害。”

研究人员也发现这些性状遵从类似于朊蛋白的遗传模式。比如,不同于由大多数基因突变产生的性状,朊蛋白性状是显性的,因而它们并不遵守孟德尔定律。不同于遗传杂交中性状传递给一半的后代---正如孟德尔利用他种植的豌豆时观察到的那样,基于朊蛋白的性状会传递给每个细胞。

此外,当研究人员暂时地抑制伴侣蛋白时,这些基于朊蛋白的性状被永久性地清除。

在最终的测试中,研究人员破坏携带他们认为是基于朊蛋白的性状的酵母细胞中的DNA,收集剩余的细胞内含物,并将它导入普通的酵母细胞中。他们发现即便酵母细胞的DNA已被破坏,这些性状也会传递,这表明是蛋白在传递这些性状。

研究人员也发现几个人类基因也会制造具有类似特征的蛋白。他们在这项研究中写道,“这些蛋白结构域在进化上是广泛保守的,而且几种人类同源物能够促进基于蛋白的遗传。因此我们的数据建立一种新的常见的基于蛋白的分子记忆,通过这种分子记忆,天然无序蛋白(intrinsically disordered protein)能够促进新的性状和适应性机会出现。”

原始出处

Sohini Chakrabortee6,8, James S. Byers6, Sandra Jones9, David M. Garcia, Bhupinder Bhullar10, Amelia Chang11, Richard She, Laura Lee, Brayon Fremin7, Susan Lindquist, Daniel F. Jarosz.Intrinsically Disordered Proteins Drive Emergence and Inheritance of Biological Traits.Cell.2016


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    2017-05-05 维他命
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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2006884, encodeId=131d20068849b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=66b660e10b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#朊蛋白#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=60710, encryptionId=66b660e10b7, topicName=朊蛋白)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqTLTjicBiccpdUyHMGZV43nOBI6QIQqxVcy2EzXz67E390Q5j0R7QWjym391HxsyiaYt7NzbrcojRDw/132, createdBy=64462500151, createdName=ms705947299214030, createdTime=Wed Sep 06 09:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959839, encodeId=28931959839f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Fri May 05 00:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869580, encodeId=465a186958049, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143768, encodeId=bbe7143e68db, content=总结的很好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Oct 10 22:02:08 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143767, encodeId=2013143e67f9, content=分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Oct 10 22:02:01 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143461, encodeId=6b1614346135, content=继续关注!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 19:19:17 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143460, encodeId=8a5d14346084, content=谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 19:19:11 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-10 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    总结的很好!

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2006884, encodeId=131d20068849b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=66b660e10b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#朊蛋白#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=60710, encryptionId=66b660e10b7, topicName=朊蛋白)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqTLTjicBiccpdUyHMGZV43nOBI6QIQqxVcy2EzXz67E390Q5j0R7QWjym391HxsyiaYt7NzbrcojRDw/132, createdBy=64462500151, createdName=ms705947299214030, createdTime=Wed Sep 06 09:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959839, encodeId=28931959839f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Fri May 05 00:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869580, encodeId=465a186958049, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143768, encodeId=bbe7143e68db, content=总结的很好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Oct 10 22:02:08 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143767, encodeId=2013143e67f9, content=分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Oct 10 22:02:01 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143461, encodeId=6b1614346135, content=继续关注!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 19:19:17 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143460, encodeId=8a5d14346084, content=谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 19:19:11 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-10 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    分享一下!

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2006884, encodeId=131d20068849b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=66b660e10b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#朊蛋白#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=60710, encryptionId=66b660e10b7, topicName=朊蛋白)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqTLTjicBiccpdUyHMGZV43nOBI6QIQqxVcy2EzXz67E390Q5j0R7QWjym391HxsyiaYt7NzbrcojRDw/132, createdBy=64462500151, createdName=ms705947299214030, createdTime=Wed Sep 06 09:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959839, encodeId=28931959839f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Fri May 05 00:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869580, encodeId=465a186958049, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143768, encodeId=bbe7143e68db, content=总结的很好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Oct 10 22:02:08 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143767, encodeId=2013143e67f9, content=分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Oct 10 22:02:01 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143461, encodeId=6b1614346135, content=继续关注!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 19:19:17 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143460, encodeId=8a5d14346084, content=谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 19:19:11 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-10 知难而进

    继续关注!

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2006884, encodeId=131d20068849b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=66b660e10b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#朊蛋白#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=60710, encryptionId=66b660e10b7, topicName=朊蛋白)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqTLTjicBiccpdUyHMGZV43nOBI6QIQqxVcy2EzXz67E390Q5j0R7QWjym391HxsyiaYt7NzbrcojRDw/132, createdBy=64462500151, createdName=ms705947299214030, createdTime=Wed Sep 06 09:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959839, encodeId=28931959839f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Fri May 05 00:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869580, encodeId=465a186958049, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:59:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143768, encodeId=bbe7143e68db, content=总结的很好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Oct 10 22:02:08 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143767, encodeId=2013143e67f9, content=分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Oct 10 22:02:01 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143461, encodeId=6b1614346135, content=继续关注!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 19:19:17 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=143460, encodeId=8a5d14346084, content=谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 19:19:11 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-10 知难而进

    谢谢分享!

    0

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