J Antimicr Chemoth:优化术前预防 SRBA患者的抗菌药物管理新延伸

2017-10-18 王淳 环球医学

2017年9月,发表在《J Antimicrob Chemother》的一项由加拿大科学家进行的研究,考察了自我报告的β-内酰胺类药物过敏(SRBA)患者中,优化术前二线抗菌药管理对减少不良反应的效果。

2017年9月,发表在《J Antimicrob Chemother》的一项由加拿大科学家进行的研究,考察了自我报告的β-内酰胺类药物过敏(SRBA)患者中,优化术前二线抗菌药管理对减少不良反应的效果。

背景:替代的二线抗菌药的使用与SRBA患者的不良事件相关。在围手术期,研究人员假设使用结构化的过敏史而不是用皮试方法,可减少二线预防性抗菌药的使用。

目的:旨在评估结构化的过敏史对择期手术的SRBA患者的影响。

方法:结构化的过敏史确定由药师进行,并由感染疾病医师进行审核。如果患者未描述I型过敏反应或严重的过敏反应史,那么就认为患者可安全地使用头孢唑啉进行预防。预防性抗菌药医嘱(由手术团队批准)进入到计算机医嘱输入系统,从而在首次切开手术前给药。

结果:485例进行了结构化过敏史确认的SRBA患者中,117人(24.1%)报告了I型过敏反应史,267人(55.1%)预防性使用了头孢唑林,无一人在后来经历了不良反应。干预实施后,在加拿大Michael Garron医院的SRBA患者中,预防性二线抗菌药的总体使用从81.9%降低到55.9%。此降低与回归分析中每月评估的数量相关(P<0.001)。

结论:使用简化的结构化过敏史和前瞻性的审计和反馈原则,研究人员可以在无需做皮试或无诊断挑战的情况下,增加围手术期预防性头孢唑林的使用,而不发生任何严重不良事件。

原始出处:

Alon Vaisman, et al. Optimizing preoperative prophylaxis in patients with reported β-lactam allergy: a novel extension of antimicrobial stewardship. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 72, Issue 9, 1 September 2017, Pages 2657–2660, https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx171.

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    2017-10-20 lhlxtx
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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1330613, encodeId=61dd133061392, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c6b455688d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55688, encryptionId=c6b455688d1, topicName=抗菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/2898B09F0DA89357D0D54A725E611AC7/100, createdBy=fdd32500040, createdName=ms7899726347904398, createdTime=Fri Oct 20 07:48:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1373042, encodeId=7eae13e3042aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb2555e176c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55717, encryptionId=eb2555e176c, topicName=抗菌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e12358, createdName=lhlxtx, createdTime=Fri Oct 20 07:48:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1540121, encodeId=84ca154012118, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1dbd8e83641' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87836, encryptionId=1dbd8e83641, topicName=药物管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f83c13182684, createdName=小刀医生, createdTime=Fri Oct 20 07:48:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1545628, encodeId=c2f01545628cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b6a555e2603' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药物管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55726, encryptionId=b6a555e2603, topicName=抗菌药物管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5bae13802779, createdName=ms8888626721583891, createdTime=Fri Oct 20 07:48:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=254219, encodeId=e41d254219d3, content=学习学习.了解了解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Oct 19 07:49:32 CST 2017, time=2017-10-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=254146, encodeId=8ee42541463f, content=替代的二线抗菌药的使用与SRBA患者的不良事件相关.在围手术期.研究人员假设使用结构化的过敏史而不是用皮试方法.可减少二线预防性抗菌药的使用., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7cJ6ejWUr2nIia8qOvAKNdLHr32Df6G8iaoaOx6pHaoiacwp26DaslxZHCGbibZhhCGven4rvmWP60GahtzgFjgCjR/0, createdBy=6b111703011, createdName=有备才能无患, createdTime=Wed Oct 18 23:09:41 CST 2017, time=2017-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-10-19 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    学习学习.了解了解

    0

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    2017-10-18 有备才能无患

    替代的二线抗菌药的使用与SRBA患者的不良事件相关.在围手术期.研究人员假设使用结构化的过敏史而不是用皮试方法.可减少二线预防性抗菌药的使用.

    0