Hypertension: 美国成人高血压及高血压前期危险因素的新动态

2017-06-15 徐志杰 MedSci原创

近日,国际权威高血压疾病杂志《Hypertension》发表的一项流行病学统计研究阐述了1999年至2012年间美国成人高血压及高血压前期疾病危险因素的动态变化趋势。

高血压前期(prehypertension),又称为称“正常高值血压”、“临界高血压”,即在不服用降压药的情况下,患者收缩压为130-139 mmHg,或者舒张压为80-89 mmHg,它们暂未进展为高血压,但未来有演变成高血压的趋势,同时也被认为是心血管疾病的危险因素。但是,鲜有研究能直接表明究竟什么样的高血压前期患者容易患上高血压,而期间他们的血压状况又是怎样变化的。近日,国际权威高血压疾病杂志《Hypertension》发表的一项流行病学统计研究阐述了1999年至2012年间美国成人高血压及高血压前期疾病危险因素的动态变化趋势。

研究人员分析了1999年至2012年30958名年龄不小于20岁的成年人的相关健康资料,发现1999年至2012年美国成人的高血压前期患者比例从31.2%降到了28.2%,而在此期间,拥有多项心血管疾病和高血压的危险因素的高血压前期患者比例却有所上升,比如糖尿病前期的比例从9.6%增加至21.6%,糖尿病的比例从6.0%增加至8.5%,超重的比例从33.5%增加至37.3%,肥胖则由30.6%增至35.2%。另外,每周业余时间锻炼的比例虽有所上升,但并无统计学意义,而坚持通过控制饮食来降低血压者的比例则有所下降,从18.4% 降至11.9%。同时,该研究指出,观察对象的吸烟率没有发生显着下降。 

该研究作为一项大型流行病学调查,尽管没有提出具体的危险因素干预措施,但研究以详实而准确的数据与图表展示了美国成人10余年来的各项危险因素流行发展状况,流行病学家和预防医学学者提供了良好的参考借鉴。

原始出处:

John N. Booth, et al.Trends in Prehypertension and Hypertension Risk Factors in US Adults:1999-2012,2017 June 12. Doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.09004.

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    2017-09-11 feather89
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    2017-11-28 yese
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