JAMA Psychiatry:光疗法治疗非季节性抑郁症非常有效

2015-11-26 MedSci MedSci原创

光疗法可以治疗重度抑郁症。 现在可以向复发型抑郁症患者推荐清晨清醒后使用10000lux光线治疗或者暗示患者太阳升起时在户外散步治疗重度抑郁症,患者不再需要服用抗抑郁药,也能达到治疗效果。

一项随机安慰剂对照试验表明光疗比抗抑郁药治疗非季节性重度抑郁症更有效,明亮的光疗联合抗抑郁药极大地提高了非季节性重度抑郁症的治疗效果。

加拿大温哥华英属哥伦比亚大学Raymond Lam医学博士介绍很长一段时间他都在研究明亮的光线疗法治疗冬季抑郁症,一直认为冬季抑郁症不同于非季节性抑郁。

Lam博士认为虽然光线疗法可以用于部分患者,更严重的抑郁症患者需要抗抑郁药物、心理治疗和光治疗的联合治疗。这项研究1118日在JAMA Psychiatry在线发表。

这项临床试验随机分配122例光疗试验组受试者接受单独光疗,每天30分钟;光疗对照组接受负离子发生器治疗,每天30分钟。联合治疗组受试者接受光线疗法和氟西汀(20mg/天)治疗,联合治疗对照组受试者接受负离子发生器和安慰剂治疗。每个治疗组包括大约30名患者。

试验前患者基线汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分≥20分。患者基线重度抑郁症发作的平均持续时间范围从安慰剂组最短45周到联合治疗组最长90周。

在试验开始时四组受试者平均MADRSMontgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale ,蒙哥马利抑郁量表)得分大约是22分。

光疗法的定义是受试者每天清醒后尽快接受30分钟荧光灯照射。负离子发生器可以发出一个和荧光灯相似的安静的嗡嗡声,但负离子发生器实际上并不真实工作,没有释放负离子。

试验进行8周后,与其他治疗组相比,联合治疗组受试者的MADRS得分与基线MADRS得分的平均变化更为明显。

与安慰剂组相比较,联合治疗组受试者有反应的NNTnumber needed to treat,需处理病例数)只有2.4例。与安慰剂组相比较,联合治疗组受试者抑郁症状缓解的NNT number needed to treat,治疗所需病例数量)只有3.5例。

不良事件

联合治疗组有1例患者治疗4周后因自杀意念恶化住院,但经判断认为与治疗不相关。

四组间报告治疗诱发至少一个不良事件的受试者百分比之间没有明显差异,这个比例在安慰剂组 54%左右,氟西汀单药治疗 80%,光线疗法 62%,联合治疗组约51%。调查发现大多数治疗诱发的不良事件持续时间短暂。没有受试者发生轻度躁狂。研究人员推测光线疗法可以重新同步季节性抑郁症患者的昼夜节律,恢复神经递质功能障碍。非季节性重度抑郁症也可能与昼夜节律紊乱有关,明亮的光照具有可预测的引导人体昼夜节律缓慢变化的能力。

Lam博士指出光疗法相当便宜,许多药店出售光疗设备和盒子,价格通常在100美元到300美元的范围之内。调查显示精神科医生使用这些光设备,但主要用于治疗季节性抑郁症。

这项研究的主要结果表明光线疗法似乎对非季节性抑郁患者也有抗抑郁效应,尤其是与抗抑郁药联合使用时,可以认为光线疗法是非季节性抑郁患者一个治疗选择。

迅速和显著的改善

哥伦比亚大学精神病学教授Michael Terman博士指出早在1970年代就有研究发现光疗对非季节性抑郁患者有抗抑郁效果,光线疗法对季节性情感障碍(SAD)患者的疗效更显著和快速,通常光线治疗几天就可观察到患者症状戏剧性的改善。

Lam博士的多中心试验,8周试验比较光线治疗和氟西汀单独使用或联合使用是比较全面的。

主要的意外发现是标准剂量的氟西汀治疗非季节性抑郁症患者未能表现出与安慰剂有差异的效果,而光线疗法在治疗4周时就显示出对非季节性抑郁症患者抑郁症状巨大的改善作用。早前Lam 博士和同事的研究表明氟西汀和光疗治疗SAD患者有类似的疗效。在这个非季节性抑郁患者研究中,Terman博士仍然相信延长治疗时间,氟西汀可以显示出一些效果,与光疗联合使用时佛西汀的效果放大。试验治疗持续8周,超过先前的研究,使用两种类型的安慰剂对照,与标准的抗抑郁药物比较治疗反应。

结果表明光疗法可以治疗重度抑郁症。 现在可以向复发型抑郁症患者推荐清晨清醒后使用10000lux光线治疗或者暗示患者太阳升起时在户外散步治疗重度抑郁症,患者不再需要服用抗抑郁药,也能达到治疗效果。

原文出处

1. Light Therapy Highly Effective for Major Depressio. Medscape Medical News. November 23,2015.

2.Efficacy of Bright Light Treatment, Fluoxetine, and the Combination in Patients With Nonseasonal Major Depressive Disorder,A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. Published online November 18, 2015.

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    2016-03-25 俅侠
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    2015-11-28 30397606
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    2015-11-28 fusion

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一直以来,光疗法都被用于治疗癌症,但是该疗法有一个缺陷,它只对那些光容易到达的组织起作用,比如皮肤等。然而,3月9日发表在Nature Nanotechnology杂志上的一项研究中,来自华盛顿大学医学院的研究人员运用小鼠癌症模型设计出一种新型光疗法可以直击身体“深处”的肿瘤。在这项研究中,科学家们可将光直接投递到肿瘤细胞上,协同自由基光敏材料(可以被光激活)摧毁癌细胞。华盛顿大学的生物