JAMA Intern Med:少量、持久吸烟死亡风险极高,戒烟要趁早!

2017-01-03 fsy MedSci原创

越来越多的美国吸烟者现在每天吸烟少于10支香烟(CPD),这一比例今后可能会上升。虽然许多吸烟者认为他们的吸烟水平是适度的,但在一个人的一生中,相对于大量吸烟,少量的CPD吸烟对健康的影响还不明确。该研究的目的是评价与从未吸烟者相比,长期少于1或1至10 CPD(低强度)吸烟与全因和特异性原因死亡率的关联。来自美国的研究人员开展了一项前瞻性队列研究,该研究共纳入了290215名美国国立卫生研究院A

越来越多的美国吸烟者现在每天吸烟少于10支香烟(CPD),这一比例今后可能会上升。虽然许多吸烟者认为他们的吸烟水平是适度的,但在一个人的一生中,相对于大量吸烟,少量的CPD吸烟对健康的影响还不明确。

该研究的目的是评价与从未吸烟者相比,长期少于1或1至10 CPD(低强度)吸烟与全因和特异性原因死亡率的关联。

来自美国的研究人员开展了一项前瞻性队列研究,该研究共纳入了290,215名美国国立卫生研究院AARP(以前称为美国退休人士协会)饮食和健康研究的成年人,其在2004-2005年(基线)时年龄为59至82岁。研究人员通过评估终生吸烟史的问卷收集数据。在2011年底时研究人员确定了全因死亡率和特异性原因死亡率的危险比(HR)和95%CI。研究人员使用Cox比例风险回归模型估计危险比和95%CI,使用年龄作为基础时间度量,并对性别,种族/民族,教育水平,身体活动和酒精摄入进行了调整。数据分析于2015年12月15日至2016年9月30日期间进行。

主要暴露点为在2004-2005年调查问卷中评估的生命中的9个之前的年龄段(从<15岁到≥70岁)的当前和历史吸烟强度。

主要结果为当前、之前和从未吸烟者的全因死亡率和特异性原因死亡率。

在完成2004-2005年调查问卷的290,215名队列参与者中,168,140人为男性(57.9%);平均(SD)年龄为71(5.3)岁(范围,59-82岁)。在基线时抽吸少于1或1至10个CPD的大多数人报告在他们的生命早期吸烟的CPD数量明显更高。然而,这些人中有159人(9.1%)和1493人(22.5%)分别报告在他们吸烟的每个年龄段中持续吸烟少于1或1至10的CPD。相对于从不吸烟者,少于1 CPD(HR,1.64;95%CI,1.07-2.51)和1至10 CPD(HR,1.87;95%CI,1.64-2.13)的连续吸烟者具有更高的全因死亡率风险。对于全因死亡率,在女性和男性的关联是相似的,并且研究人员在一系列与吸烟相关的死亡原因中观察到,吸烟与肺癌具有特别强的相关性(对于<1和1-10 CPD的人群分别为HR,9.12;95%CI,2.92-28.47;和HR,11.61;95%CI,8.25-16.35)。对于那些一直吸烟少于1或1至10个CPD的之前吸烟者,戒烟时年纪越小,风险也会越低。例如,在50岁或以上戒烟的少于1和1至10 CPD的持续吸烟者的HR分别为1.44(95%CI,1.12-1.85)和1.42(95%CI,1.27-1.59)。

这项研究提供的证据表明,在一生中抽吸少于1或1至10个CPD的人群比从不吸烟者具有更高的死亡风险,并且会从戒烟中受益。这些结果提供了进一步的证据表明,暴露于烟草烟雾都是有风险的。

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    2017-01-05 虈亣靌

    精彩内容,认真学习

    0

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    2017-01-04 ffaadd

    不错的研究!??!!

    0