IBD:炎症性肠病患者与癌症发生的长期风险关系

2022-06-04 xuyihan MedSci原创

炎症性肠病是终身性疾病,易复发,而复发次数会增加癌变几率;当IBD反反复复复发的过程中,其承受着巨大的精神压力而导致失眠、食欲不振等现象,易引起胃肠道功能紊乱,使胃肠道免疫功能异常,导致炎症的发生。

炎症性肠病(IBD)包括溃疡性结肠炎(UC)、克罗恩病(CD)。IBD的发病率正在世界范围内持续升高,近20年来,我国人们由于饮食习惯、生活节奏及环境的改变,炎症性肠病的发病率逐渐升高,目前已成为消化系统的常见病,而且此病为终生性疾病,也存在癌变概率,不容忽视。国外相关数据显示,IBD患者死亡的主要原因中,癌变占近15%,且在确诊IBD8-10年后,癌变逐年增加0.5%-1%溃疡性结肠炎患者发生肠癌的风险较非溃疡性结肠炎患者明显升高。外国学者研究显示,UC患者患肠癌的发生率为3.7%;UC患者起病10年、20年及30年累计结直肠癌发生率分别为2%、8%及18%。本研究旨在探讨炎症性肠病 (IBD) 与中老年人整体、部位特异性癌症和癌症特异性死亡率的长期风险之间的前瞻性关联。

该研究将来自英国生物银行的基线时没有任何癌症的参与者纳入其中,IBD 患者作为暴露组,非 IBD 患者作为参考组。主要观察结果是总体癌症的发病率和癌症特异性死亡率。次要结果包括特定部位的癌症和消化系统癌症的类型。Cox比例风险模型用于调查恶性肿瘤和相关死亡率的相关风险。

 

 

研究结果显示在455927名参与者中,5142人被诊断为 IBD(3258人溃疡性结肠炎 [UC];1449人克罗恩病 [CD])。在12.2年的中位随访期间,IBD患者中发现了 890 例新发癌症(每1000人年15.74例),而参考个体中有63 675例(每1000人年12.46例)。在这些病例中,220 和 12 838 例癌症特异性死亡发生在 IBD 组和非 IBD 组。与非 IBD 参与者相比,IBD 患者总体癌症和癌症特异性死亡率的调整风险比 (AHR) 分别为 1.17 (95% CI, 1.09-1.25) 和 1.26 (95% CI, 1.18-1.35)。 UC 的 AHR 为 1.15 (95% CI, 1.02-1.31) 和 1.38 (95% CI, 1.08-1.75),CD 的 AHR 为 1.15 (95% CI, 1.06-1.25) 和 1.25 (95% CI, 1.06-1.49)。

本项研究证实与非IBD患者相比,IBD患者可能与总体癌症和癌症特异性死亡率的风险增加有关,特别是消化道癌、非黑色素瘤和男性生殖器癌。

原始出处:

Shanshan Wu. Et al. Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Long-term Risk of Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study Among Half a Million Adults in UK Biobank. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.2022.

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    2022-06-05 bnurmamat
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