加拿大警告氟喹诺酮的视网膜脱离风险

2013-09-04 佚名 中国医药报

加拿大卫生部不久前发布信息,警示口服氟喹诺酮类药物与视网膜脱离的风险。 氟喹诺酮类药物是广谱抗菌药物,适用于治疗敏感菌株导致的感染。加拿大上市的口服氟喹诺酮类药物有环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、莫西沙星、诺氟沙星和氧氟沙星,在任何口服氟喹诺酮类药物的说明书中均没有视网膜脱离风险的描述。氟喹诺酮类药物是广谱抗菌药物,适用于治疗敏感菌株导致的感染。加拿大上市的口服氟喹诺酮类药物有环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、莫西沙

加拿大卫生部不久前发布信息,警示口服氟喹诺酮类药物与视网膜脱离的风险。

氟喹诺酮类药物是广谱抗菌药物,适用于治疗敏感菌株导致的感染。加拿大上市的口服氟喹诺酮类药物有环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、莫西沙星、诺氟沙星和氧氟沙星,在任何口服氟喹诺酮类药物的说明书中均没有视网膜脱离风险的描述。

在所有视网膜脱离疾病中,孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD)最常见。玻璃体视网膜牵引导致视网膜断裂,并引起孔源性视网膜脱离。与视网膜脱离相关的常见危险因素包括:高龄、既往白内障手术、近视和创伤。患者一般表现眼前光闪烁、飞蚊症、周边视野缺损和视力模糊等症状。视网膜脱离是一种严重的医学急症,一般需要立即进行手术治疗。

根据一项药物流行病学研究的结果,当前使用口服氟喹诺酮类药物与发生视网膜脱离的风险增高相关。该研究中排除了眼科用氟喹诺酮类药物,以避免反向因果偏倚。该队列研究纳入了在2000年1月~2007年12月间就诊于大不列颠哥伦比亚一位眼科医师的989,591例患者,研究发现了445例与口服氟喹诺酮类药物有关的视网膜脱离病例。需要进一步的研究来确认视网膜脱离与氟喹诺酮类药物之间是否存在潜在关联性,并阐明其作用机制。

截至2012年12月31日,加拿大卫生部也收到1例怀疑与使用口服氟喹诺酮类药物相关的视网膜脱离的报告。这份报告中描述一位52岁的女性在因膀胱感染接受1个疗程环丙沙星治疗后发生视网膜脱离。关于视网膜脱离与口服氟喹诺酮类药物关联的证据很少,这也解释了加拿大卫生部收到较少报告的原因。

加拿大卫生部鼓励医务人员报告任何怀疑与口服氟喹诺酮类药物有关的视网膜脱离不良反应。当报告此类不良反应时,应重点关注治疗持续时间、剂量、当前或使用口服氟喹诺酮类药物的情况以及与视网膜脱离相关的症状(如眼前光闪烁、飞蚊症和周边视野缺损)。这些信息可能有助于对口服氟喹诺酮类药物相关的视网膜脱离风险做进一步评估。


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    2013-09-06 zutt
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