J Immunother Cancer:特瑞普利单抗(Toripalimab)联合IMRT治疗复发鼻咽癌(rNPC)的疗效和安全性

2021-11-20 yd2015 MedSci原创

研究表明,特瑞普利单抗(Toripalimab)联合IMRT在复发鼻咽癌(rNPC)患者中是可耐受的,并显示出良好的抗肿瘤活性。

鼻咽癌(NPC)在东南亚的发病率最高。地方性鼻咽癌在根治性放疗后局部复发的发生率为10% - 20%。在这类可切除疾病的患者中,手术是标准一线治疗。然而,对于无法切除病灶的患者,常规进行再照射放疗。尽管有报道调强放疗(IMRT)联合化疗治疗时肿瘤应答率大约50%-65.4%,3年总生存期(OS)率只有41.8% - 68.7%,而且5级治疗相关毒性反应发生率大约为33.0%因此,迫切需要探索新的方案联合IMRT治疗不可切除复发性鼻咽癌(rNPC),以降低毒性并提高生存效益。近期,中山大学肿瘤防治中心鼻咽科陈明远教授Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer杂志上发表了相关研究成果,评估PD-1抑制剂特瑞普利单抗(Toripalimab)联合调强放疗(IMRT)治疗不可切除复发性鼻咽癌(rNPC)患者的疗效和安全性。

该研究是单臂的II期临床研究,纳入活检证实为rNPC且不适合局部手术的患者。符合条件的患者接受调强放疗(IMRT)联合特瑞普利单抗(Toripalimab)静脉滴注240mg,每3周一次,最多7个周期主要终点是放疗后3个月的客观缓解率。次要终点包括安全性、无进展生存期(PFS)。

20195月至20201月期间,共有25rNPC患者被纳入该研究。25例患者病灶均在照射野复发。所有25例患者均纳入疗效和安全性分析。中位年龄为49.0(IQR43.5 ~ 52.5)25例患者中有23(92.0%)rT3 ~ T4期,25(100.0%)rN0 ~ N1期。根据PRANCIS预后模型,25例患者中17(68.0%)被定义为低危,8(32.0%)被定义为高危。25例患者中有24(96.0%)在初始治疗期间接受了铂类化疗。25例患者中有22(88.0%)完成了所有7个周期的特瑞普利单抗治疗;一位病人因为出血而死亡,只接受了五个疗程。2例患者接受了6个疗程(1例患者病情进展,1例患者因AEs而停止治疗)特瑞普利单抗的剂量不需要调整。由于COVID- 19大流行,一名患者特瑞普利单抗给药延迟。所有25例患者(100.0%)完成了方案规定的调强放疗。 IMRT的中位剂量为60.21 Gy (IQR, 60-60.21 Gy)IMRT治疗中位持续时间为36(IQR, 35-38)

分析数据截止日期是2021年2月。失访2例,死亡1例,存活22例。PFS的中位随访时间为14.6个月(IQR 13.1-16.2)。24例患者中有19例(79.2%)在放疗后3个月获得了总体缓解,23例(95.8%)患者获得了疾病控制。23例患者在放疗后12个月内获得了确定的客观缓解,中位治疗至应答时间为2.65个月(IQR为1.88-5.27),中位缓解时间未达到。25例患者中有17例(68.0%)的治疗反应在截止时间时仍然持续。总的来说,所有25例(100.0%)患者目标病灶的大小均较基线有所减小。

                疗效评估

5例患者出现疾病进展,包括3例局部进展、1例局部复发和1例死亡。中位PFS为18.67个月(95%CI,12.04-25.29),和12个月PFS率是91.8% (95%CI,91.7%-91.9%)。OS的中位随访时间为15.7个月(IQR 13.9-18.0)。中位OS尚未达到,12月OS率为96.0%(95%CI,88.4%-100.0%)。

               PFS

最常见的AEsG1 - 2疲劳(88.0%),G1 – 2恶心(76.0%),G1 – 2肌酐升高(52.0%),G1 – 2体重减轻(44.0%),G1 - 2甘油三酯升高(44.0%),G1 – 2甲减(32.0%),G1 - 2 瘙痒(32.0%),G1- 2胆固醇升高(24.0%)G1- 2肌酸激酶升高(16.0%)G1- 2白细胞减少 (16.0%)G1- 2肌炎(16.0%)

             不良反应

19例肿瘤活检标本进行PD- L1免疫组化染色。其中PD- L1阴性4(21.1%)PD- L1阳性15(78.9%)PD- L1阳性与较高的CR率相关(86.7% vs 50.0%) PD- L1阳性患者的PFS较好(HR=0.43);然而,这些差异没有统计学意义。

综上,研究表明,特瑞普利单抗(Toripalimab)联合IMRT在复发鼻咽癌(rNPC)患者中是可耐受的,并显示出良好的抗肿瘤活性。

原始出处:

Hua Y, You R, Wang Z, et al. Toripalimab plus intensity-modulated radiotherapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an open- label single- arm, phase II trial. Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2021;9:e003290. doi:10.1136/jitc-2021-003290

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    2022-06-04 snf701207
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    2021-11-20 湘雅科教

    已阅,受益匪浅。

    0

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