NEJM:突破!联合免疫疗法显著缩小黑色素瘤的脑转移

2018-08-28 浮苏 生物探索

《NEJM》杂志最近报道了一项突破性成果:德克萨斯大学MD Anderson癌症中心的研究人员发现,PD-1单抗Opdivo(nivolumab)联合CTLA-4单抗Yervoy(ipilimumab)治疗黑色素瘤脑转移,在中位随访14.0个月的94例患者中,扩散到其大脑中的黑色素瘤范围得到显著缩小。



在题为“Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Melanoma Metastatic to the Brain”的这项研究中,主要作者Hussein Tawbi博士说:“近年来,随着4期黑色素瘤的治疗有了很大改善,我们的脑转移患者仍然是最需要治疗的人群,他们的预后最差,所以我们对这些结果感到非常兴奋。”

“这项改变实践的研究证明,你可以首先对这些患者进行免疫治疗,同时治疗大脑和颅外疾病,这为系统治疗转移性黑色素瘤开辟了新的机会。”

大约40%的4期黑色素瘤患者在诊断时有脑转移瘤,75%的患者最终发展成这种病症,脑转移瘤以前很难治疗,以至于这些患者经常被排除在新药临床试验之外。患者的总生存率中位数为四至五个月。

持久反应

在最新这项研究中,所有患者都接受ipilimumab与nivolmab联合治疗,其中ipilimumab阻断T细胞上的CTLA-4检查点,nivolmab抑制PD-1检查点的激活。这两个检查点关闭了T细胞,从而阻断了抗肿瘤免疫反应。

结果表明,9个月时,接受联合疗法的94名患者中,59.5%的脑肿瘤患者肿瘤得以控制。

Tawbi说:“从历史上看,脑转移患者一年的总生存率不到20%,在这项研究中,经免疫疗法联合治疗的患者的一年生存率为82%。”

作者进一步指出,免疫疗法的联合结果应该引起当前对脑转移治疗标准(对少量肿瘤进行手术或靶向放疗以及对更广泛的疾病进行全脑放疗)的重新考虑。

Tawbi解释道,免疫治疗开始前,立体定向放射治疗小转移瘤非常有效,然而两次治疗之间要等待四周。经常发生的情况是,最初的转移灶被破坏,而其它转移又在四周内出现,这就导致系统治疗的推迟。

而这项研究证明,无需等待辐射,患者可及早启动免疫治疗,并可期待脑内的肿瘤和脑外肿瘤一样有反应。

对于大脑以外的肿瘤,这项结果表明,56.4%的被研究者肿瘤要么缩小,要么保持稳定。9个月无进展生存率为56.6 %。(还未达到无进展和总生存率的中位数。)


通讯作者Hussein Tawbi, 来源: MD Anderson Cancer Center

脑相关副作用

先前研究显示,脑转移患者被排除在临床试验之外的一个原因是血脑屏障——紧密的血管结构阻止药物到达肿瘤。而免疫疗法通过增强T细胞的能力来对抗肿瘤,而不是直接治疗肿瘤,所以免疫系统细胞可以战胜这一屏障,但与此同时人们也担心免疫相关的副作用。

Tawbi说:“我们非常担心免疫疗法会导致大脑发炎和肿胀,所以我们密切关注这一情况。结果发现,只有5%的患者大脑肿胀。”

总的来说,34名患者(36.2%)有某种类型的中枢神经系统副作用,其中头痛最为突出;其他方面, 52名患者(55%)有3级或4级副作用,19名患者(20%)不得不退出试验。一位病人死于与治疗相关的心脏炎症。

此外,最常见的3级或4级副作用中,15例患者丙氨酸转氨酶升高,16例患者天冬氨酸转氨酶升高,这两种症状都可能导致肝脏损伤。

先前的小型研究表明,ipilimumab或抗pd-1药物单独在脑转移中有20%左右的应答率;澳大利亚的一项较小的研究表明,组合使用有46%的反应率;早前由MD Anderson研究人员领导的一项联合靶向治疗的临床试验显示,脑转移的反应率很高,但持续时间较短,平均无进展生存期为5.8个月。

“将这些患者纳入临床试验将加速这一群体的治疗进展。” Tawbi总结。

原始出处:

Hussein A. Tawbi, Peter A. Forsyth, Alain Algazi, et.al. Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Melanoma Metastatic to the Brain. N Engl J Med 2018; 379:722-730 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1805453

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680549, encodeId=f31a16805495f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Tue May 21 00:43:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2066102, encodeId=4b4e206610228, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1ae980681b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#联合免疫疗法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80681, encryptionId=1ae980681b1, topicName=联合免疫疗法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a0802500050, createdName=肉我只吃一口, createdTime=Sat Jul 27 17:43:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=342600, encodeId=710b342600db, content=学习了,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLC1BMzZWdMSPQWuib6BtQGicK8ygGBM6YakpfkRc67soFSuKbZr86enL1KggQZEZbgWSeicJibafmYfQ3AibicIHMwwicmDShfRFvvI38/0, createdBy=272a110164, createdName=laoli, createdTime=Tue Sep 04 08:27:18 CST 2018, time=2018-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558917, encodeId=ea07155891ef0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 07:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564926, encodeId=25ee156492624, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 07:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-05-21 sunylz
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680549, encodeId=f31a16805495f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Tue May 21 00:43:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2066102, encodeId=4b4e206610228, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1ae980681b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#联合免疫疗法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80681, encryptionId=1ae980681b1, topicName=联合免疫疗法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a0802500050, createdName=肉我只吃一口, createdTime=Sat Jul 27 17:43:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=342600, encodeId=710b342600db, content=学习了,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLC1BMzZWdMSPQWuib6BtQGicK8ygGBM6YakpfkRc67soFSuKbZr86enL1KggQZEZbgWSeicJibafmYfQ3AibicIHMwwicmDShfRFvvI38/0, createdBy=272a110164, createdName=laoli, createdTime=Tue Sep 04 08:27:18 CST 2018, time=2018-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558917, encodeId=ea07155891ef0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 07:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564926, encodeId=25ee156492624, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 07:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680549, encodeId=f31a16805495f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Tue May 21 00:43:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2066102, encodeId=4b4e206610228, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1ae980681b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#联合免疫疗法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80681, encryptionId=1ae980681b1, topicName=联合免疫疗法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a0802500050, createdName=肉我只吃一口, createdTime=Sat Jul 27 17:43:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=342600, encodeId=710b342600db, content=学习了,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLC1BMzZWdMSPQWuib6BtQGicK8ygGBM6YakpfkRc67soFSuKbZr86enL1KggQZEZbgWSeicJibafmYfQ3AibicIHMwwicmDShfRFvvI38/0, createdBy=272a110164, createdName=laoli, createdTime=Tue Sep 04 08:27:18 CST 2018, time=2018-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558917, encodeId=ea07155891ef0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 07:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564926, encodeId=25ee156492624, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 07:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-09-04 laoli

    学习了,谢谢分享!

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680549, encodeId=f31a16805495f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Tue May 21 00:43:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2066102, encodeId=4b4e206610228, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1ae980681b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#联合免疫疗法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80681, encryptionId=1ae980681b1, topicName=联合免疫疗法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a0802500050, createdName=肉我只吃一口, createdTime=Sat Jul 27 17:43:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=342600, encodeId=710b342600db, content=学习了,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLC1BMzZWdMSPQWuib6BtQGicK8ygGBM6YakpfkRc67soFSuKbZr86enL1KggQZEZbgWSeicJibafmYfQ3AibicIHMwwicmDShfRFvvI38/0, createdBy=272a110164, createdName=laoli, createdTime=Tue Sep 04 08:27:18 CST 2018, time=2018-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558917, encodeId=ea07155891ef0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 07:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564926, encodeId=25ee156492624, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 07:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680549, encodeId=f31a16805495f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Tue May 21 00:43:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2066102, encodeId=4b4e206610228, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1ae980681b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#联合免疫疗法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80681, encryptionId=1ae980681b1, topicName=联合免疫疗法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a0802500050, createdName=肉我只吃一口, createdTime=Sat Jul 27 17:43:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=342600, encodeId=710b342600db, content=学习了,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLC1BMzZWdMSPQWuib6BtQGicK8ygGBM6YakpfkRc67soFSuKbZr86enL1KggQZEZbgWSeicJibafmYfQ3AibicIHMwwicmDShfRFvvI38/0, createdBy=272a110164, createdName=laoli, createdTime=Tue Sep 04 08:27:18 CST 2018, time=2018-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558917, encodeId=ea07155891ef0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 07:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564926, encodeId=25ee156492624, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 07:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

联合降脂治疗能否成为一种风尚

LDL胆固醇水平升高与发生动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)密切相关。流行病学研究和随机临床试验已证实LDL胆固醇水平下降可使心血管事件发生率下降。胆固醇治疗研究者协作组(CTT)分析结果表明,在心血管危险分层不同的人群中,他汀治疗后,LDL-C每降1 mmol/L,主要心血管事件相对危险减少20%,全因病死率降低10%。

J Natl Cancer Inst:雌孕激素联合治疗会增加ER+乳腺癌的风险

先前有关于绝经后白人女性的观察性研究和随即试验表明,雌激素和孕激素联合治疗会导致雌激素受体阳性(ER+)乳腺癌风险增加。但是对于非裔美国女性是否同样存在该风险目前并不知道。因此研究者对1132例ER+和512例ER-的乳腺癌患者以及6693名对照参与者进行了一项研究,探究单独使用雌激素和联合治疗比较,对绝经后非裔美国女性ER+或ER-乳腺癌风险的影响。对照组中有57%的女性使用过单独雌激素或联合治

Clin Cancer Res:这两种便宜药联合使用竟可抑制乳腺癌转移?!

临床上有两种方便、可行且价格便宜的最普通的药物,即COX-2抑制剂和β-受体阻滞剂。然而,令人意想不到的是,这两种再简单不过的药物在围手术期联合使用竟然为早期乳腺癌患者带来意外的效果:减少肿瘤转移和复发。以色列特拉维夫大学的Shamgar Ben-Eliyahu博士于今年8月在《Clinical Cancer Research》上发表了一项研究,对此进行了阐述。

Brit J Haematol:复发或复发性难治性MM,伊布鲁蒂尼单用或联合地塞米松结果喜人

2018年3月,发表在《Br J Haematol》的一项2期试验结果,考察了伊布鲁蒂尼单用或与地塞米松联用治疗复发或复发和难治性多发性骨髓瘤的有效性。

老年患者多药联合血压仍难达标 竟是因为…

64岁老年男性,有10年的高血压病史。既往口服降压药物治疗,血压控制尚可。近半年来,使用包括利尿剂在内的多种降压药物联合降压,血压难以达标。医生们发现,患者存在双下肢乏力、夜尿增多等其他症状,进一步展开检查,最终发现了血压难以控制背后的原因。

Neurology:急性大血管闭塞性脑卒中:直接机械取栓还是联合静脉溶栓?

对于急性大血管闭塞(ELVO),直接机械取栓还是静脉溶栓+机械取栓?2018年4月,发表在《Neurology》的一项观察性研究对此进行分析。