JACC:危险!围产期心肌病患者的左心室功能失调可预示不良预后

2015-08-26 姜英浩 MedSci原创

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一项最新的研究发现,尽管大部分患围产期心肌病(peripartum cardiomyopathy, PPCM)的女性在生产一年内,接受常规心力衰竭治疗的情况下能够完全恢复健康,然而对于一部分在初诊时即出现严重左心室失功能及显著心室重构的患者来说,她们在未来仍有患心血管疾病的风险。

在这项名为Investigations of Pregnancy Associated Cardiomyopathy (IPAC)的前瞻性研究中,研究人员募集了100例患PPCM的女性,其中,本底左心室射血分数(LVEF>0.30,且左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD<6.0厘米的受试者中 91 %1年的产后随访内被证实完全康复;与之相对的是,本底LVEF<0.30,且LVEDD >6 厘米的受试者中,该恢复率为0 %

1年的随访期内,共13例受试者出现了心血管事件,或发生了持续性严重心肌病。其中黑人女性发病风险更高,因其在初诊、612个月随访时均有更多的左心室失功能事件发生。

我们可以看到,整体的康复率是令人满意的。本文的作者美国匹兹堡医学中心的Dennis M McNamara教授表示,然而,该病在1年内的死亡率太高,达到了约6 %。同时仍有很多女性会长期患有严重的心肌病。因此我们攻克疾病的脚步仍不能停止。” McNamara同时指出,当前对该病最好的临床预测指标仍是通过心脏超声波图来判断。

罕见,却致命

研究人员发现,目前在美国,PPCM的发病率约为1/2000。由于发病率较低,大部分单中心发表的数据样本都偏小,难以进行回顾性研究。同时在现代询证医学疗法的基础下进行的前瞻性研究也少有人开展。

该病的发病机制目前尚未可知,并且由于患病人数有限,想进行深入的研究则须花费大量精力联合多个中心合作,共同探究该病的预测指标。因此在本研究中,30个医疗中心联合起来,共100例(65名白人,35名黑人,平均年龄30岁)无过往心脏病史的新诊断PPCM的受试者参与了项目。研究发现,受试人群的平均LVEF值为0.35。并且发现左心室失功能和心室重构事件能够作为判断不良预后的指标。

附:JACC:围产期心肌病的临床发展结果(查看详细)

原文出处:

McNamara DM, Elkayam U, Alharethi R, et al. Clinical Outcomes for Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in North America: Results of the IPAC Study (Investigations of Pregnancy-Associated Cardiomyopathy). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Aug 25;66(8):905-14.

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