Neurology:年龄相关阿尔茨海默病临床试验结果的差别

2015-02-19 李志行 译 MedSci原创

我们的研究为了验证先前的假设,年龄较大受试者的认知结果下降率不同于相对年轻的的受试者,进而明确年龄分布对个人临床试验结果的潜在影响。研究方法:一个包含18项研究的meta数据库,来源于阿尔茨海默病合作研究和阿尔茨海默病神经影像组织,我们纳入了一个包含2793名参与者的队列作为人口基线数据,并且接受阿尔茨海默病认知分析量表(ADAS-cog)、临床痴呆分级(CDR-SB)或者细微精神状态检查(MMS

我们的研究为了验证先前的假设,年龄较大受试者的认知结果下降率不同于相对年轻的的受试者,进而明确年龄分布对个人临床试验结果的潜在影响。

研究方法:
一个包含18项研究的meta数据库,来源于阿尔茨海默病合作研究和阿尔茨海默病神经影像组织,我们纳入了一个包含2793名参与者的队列作为人口基线数据,并且接受阿尔茨海默病认知分析量表(ADAS-cog)、临床痴呆分级(CDR-SB)或者细微精神状态检查(MMSE)等至少一项测试的评估。在对教育情况进行矫正后,我们利用混合效应模型(随机协作模型)来评价从61岁以下到80岁以上的7个不同年龄组相应结局的变化。




研究结果:
在整个过程中所有年龄组都表现出明显的恶化,四个高年龄组,年龄在71岁以上的,相比较低年龄组在 ADAS-cog中表现出较为缓慢的下降率(p = 0.001)。高年龄组在12个月、18个月、24个月的得分为2–3, 2–5以及4–6相对好于低龄组,MMSE所得出的结果与此相似,但这一趋势不适用于CDR-SB。

高年龄组和低年龄组在ADAS-cog上的差别,相比在近期试验中试验药物与安慰剂的差别以及在销售的胆碱酯酶抑制剂与安慰剂的差别要显著的多。临床上解释ADAS-cog或MMSE依据的是年龄的不同。只有对于下降的预测能够得到更好的理解,考虑年龄对改变率的作用才会在临床实践和试验结果上变得更加重要。

MedSci点评:
不仅是AD,其它疾病的临床研究也如此。首先要了解该药物的药动,药代与药理学特性,它到底能够将疾病改善到何种程度,对不同严重程度的患者的改善情况如何?选择在药物“能力范围”之内的患者,才有可能获得满意的疗效。例如,强效他汀进行临床研究时,可以选择血脂异常更严重一些;如果常规他汀则需要选择血脂异常并不严重的患者。AD的年龄表面仅是表面现象,背后是认知障碍的严重程度。如果过于严重,无论是什么药物,基本都是阴性结果,这也是众多AD临床研究失败的关键原因之一。

原始出处:

Lon S. Schneider, MD, Richard E. Kennedy, MD, PhD, Guoqiao Wang, MS and Gary R. Cutter, PhD.Differences in Alzheimer disease clinical trial outcomes based on age of the participants.10.1212/WNL.0000000000001376; published ahead of print February 13, 2015 1526-632X

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    2015-12-04 yinhl1978
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Clin Infect Dis:HIV感染个体或患年龄相关疾病的风险较高

近日,一项来自约翰霍普金斯大学的研究称,相比未感染HIV的成年个体来讲,相同年龄段感染HIV的成年个体或患心脏病发作、肾衰及癌症的风险较高,相关研究发表于国际杂志Clinical Infectious Diseases上,本文研究或为HIV感染者的健康护理提供新的研究线索和依据。Keri N. Althoff教授表示,我们并没有找到确凿的证据证实,相比未感染HIV的成年人,癌症等疾病会在年轻的HI

J Clin Oncol:年龄和全身放疗对儿童干细胞移植后认知功能下降的影响

有研究提出,造血干细胞移植(hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation,SCT)的一个迟发性的作用是损伤认知功能,但目前关于造血干细胞移植治疗后患者出现认知功能下降的证据较少,且缺乏大样本的研究。已有的少量研究发现,患者接受造血干细胞移植时的年龄较小并接受了全身放疗(total-body irradiation,TBI)会影响造血干细胞移植后的认知损伤,但结果存

年龄计算公式

年龄计算公式

Am J Prev Med:美发现2型糖尿病筛查年龄应≥35岁

目前,美国糖尿病学会(ADA)建议:年龄≥45岁或体质指数(BMI)≥25 kg/m2且至少合并1个糖尿病危险因素的45岁以下无症状成年人应筛查2型糖尿病。而对于无症状成年人,美国预防服务工作组(USPSTF)推荐:只要血压>135/80 mmHg,就应该筛查2型糖尿病。我国最新糖尿病防治指南建议≥40岁的无症状成年人接受2型糖尿病筛查。 然而,一项由Palo Alto医学基金研究所Suk