J Clin Invest:胆汁酸能够治疗糖尿病

2014-11-06 佚名 生物谷

近日,来自瑞士洛桑联邦理工大学的科学家与来自意大利和荷兰的研究人员共同发现:胆汁酸能够激活一个鲜为人知的受体来克服脂肪细胞对胰岛素敏感度的丧失,这种机制或能用于发展一种新型药物来治疗2型糖尿病。本研究成果题为“TGR5 reduces macrophage migration through mTOR-induced C/EBPβ differential translation”于近日发表在th

近日,来自瑞士洛桑联邦理工大学的科学家与来自意大利和荷兰的研究人员共同发现:胆汁酸能够激活一个鲜为人知的受体来克服脂肪细胞对胰岛素敏感度的丧失,这种机制或能用于发展一种新型药物来治疗2型糖尿病。本研究成果题为“TGR5 reduces macrophage migration through mTOR-induced C/EBPβ differential translation”于近日发表在the Journal of Clinical Investigation杂志上。

当前世界范围内,肥胖人群的数目正在逐年呈上升趋势,相应的,2型糖尿病患者的数量也在不断增加。研究表明,肥胖患者体内的脂肪组织中通常会产生各种炎症反应,这些炎症随后反过来降低了脂肪细胞对胰岛素的敏感性,导致了2型糖尿病的发生。

胰岛素是一种能够调节血糖水平的激素,当身体内胰岛素的功能行使出现问题时,就会发展为糖尿病。糖尿病通常是由于胰腺不能产生足够的胰岛素或者是身体不能够有效的利用这种激素所引起的。糖尿病分为两种类型,1型糖尿病通常开始于童年和青少年;而2型糖尿病,多在35~40岁之后发病,占糖尿病患者90%以上,通常由肥胖引起。

Kristina Schoonjans来自瑞士洛桑联邦理工大学,由她领导的团队近日发现了一个定位在巨噬细胞上的受体能够抑制2型糖尿病引起的炎症反应。受体是结合化学物质的蛋白,通过结合信号分子起始了细胞内一系列的级联反应。这种巨噬细胞受体叫做TGR5,由存在于胆汁中的化学物质所激活,这些化学物质被称为胆汁酸。胆汁酸传统上被认为是被限于在小肠内以帮助消化油脂。但是最近的研究发现,胆汁酸也能够进入血液,并像激素一样作用于TGR5等受体,影响了不同类型细胞的行为。

研究人员发现,TGR5能够阻断巨噬细胞发出的化学信号,这种信号主要是用来吸引更多的巨噬细胞到达脂肪组织。当研究人员用与胆汁酸类似的化合物激活TGR5受体后,TGR5引起了细胞内分子级联反应,降低了巨噬细胞的集聚,显着的减少与2型糖尿病有关的炎症反应。

总的来说,本研究发现了新的途径能够解决2型糖尿病有关的炎症翻译。具有胆汁酸功能的分子来作用于巨噬细胞的TGR5受体,能够成为新型抗肥胖及糖尿病的药物。“当然,我们并不想用胆汁酸来治疗糖尿病”,本研究的主要作者Alessia Perino表示,“我们非常有兴趣去寻找能够模拟胆汁酸作用的分子,目前我们已经发现了几种小分子能够行使这种功能”。

原始出处

Perino A, Pols TW, Nomura M, Stein S, Pellicciari R, Schoonjans K.TGR5 reduces macrophage migration through mTOR-induced C/EBPβ differential translation.J Clin Invest. 2014 Nov 3

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    2015-06-08 ljjj1053

    好好学习学习

    0

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    2015-04-11 x35042875

    控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。

    0

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