JCI:利用激素kisspeptin有望恢复女性排卵功能

2013-05-06 ZinFingerNase 生物谷

2012年10月19日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --在一项最新的研究中,来自法国国家健康与医学研究院(INSERM)的研究人员在小鼠体内发现了影响生殖的高泌乳素血症(hyperprolactinaemia)变化的内在机制。相关研究结果于近期刊登在Journal of Clinical Investigation期刊上。 高泌乳素血症是停止排卵的一个主要原因,而且导致月经失调和不孕。然而,人们对

2012年10月19日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --在一项最新的研究中,来自法国国家健康与医学研究院(INSERM)的研究人员在小鼠体内发现了影响生殖的高泌乳素血症(hyperprolactinaemia)变化的内在机制。相关研究结果于近期刊登在Journal of Clinical Investigation期刊上。

高泌乳素血症是停止排卵的一个主要原因,而且导致月经失调和不孕。然而,人们对导致这种病理特征的详细机制仍然知之甚少。所有已知的是,女性体内泌乳素水平增加会破坏影响生殖和怀孕的最为重要的激素之一:GnRH。

在此之前,我们不能够理解GnRH神经元抑制泌乳素产生,这是因为大多数这些神经元并不表达泌乳素受体。

因此,研究人员提出另一种假设:如果是由于其他分子的间接作用,那又如何呢?

在这项研究中,研究人员发现泌乳素对GnRH产生间接影响。利用小鼠作为模式动物,他们证实泌乳素有效地抑制位于GnRH神经元上游的神经元分泌,而且还证实泌乳素对它们发挥功能是至关重要的。它们分泌一种被称作kisspeptin的神经激素。

Kisspeptin:治疗不孕的关键?

在小鼠中,高泌乳素血症直接抑制kisspeptin分泌,并且通过阻止GnRH分泌而有效地阻断卵巢周期性(ovarian cyclicity)。通过注射kisspeptin,尽管小鼠存在高泌乳素血症,我们也能够让它恢复GnRH分泌,重启卵巢周期性功能和排卵。

这项生理病理学发现首次能够解释不孕和高泌乳素血症之间存在的关联,同时有助于人们开发出一种新的疗法来治疗不孕。

排卵相关的拓展阅读:

Hyperprolactinaemia-induced ovarian acyclicity is reversed by kisspeptin administration

Hyperprolactinemia is the most common cause of hypogonadotropic anovulation and is one of the leading causes of infertility in women aged 25–34. Hyperprolactinemia has been proposed to block ovulation through inhibition of GnRH release. Kisspeptin neurons, which express prolactin receptors, were recently identified as major regulators of GnRH neurons. To mimic the human pathology of anovulation, we continuously infused female mice with prolactin. Our studies demonstrated that hyperprolactinemia in mice induced anovulation, reduced GnRH and gonadotropin secretion, and diminished kisspeptin expression. Kisspeptin administration restored gonadotropin secretion and ovarian cyclicity, suggesting that kisspeptin neurons play a major role in hyperprolactinemic anovulation. Our studies indicate that administration of kisspeptin may serve as an alternative therapeutic approach to restore the fertility of hyperprolactinemic women who are resistant or intolerant to dopamine agonists.

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    2013-12-25 feather89
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