JAMA IM:糖皮质激素增加静脉血栓栓塞风险

2013-04-05 MedSci MedSci原创

   一项基于大规模人群的病例对照研究结果显示,用糖皮质激素有可能与静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)风险增加相关。        荷兰奥胡斯大学医院的Sigrun A. Johannesdottir和同事4月1日于《美国医学会杂志?内科学》(JAMA Internal Medicine)在线发表了他们的研究结果。JAM

   一项基于大规模人群的病例对照研究结果显示,用糖皮质激素有可能与静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)风险增加相关。 
       荷兰奥胡斯大学医院的Sigrun A. Johannesdottir和同事4月1日于《美国医学会杂志•内科学》(JAMA Internal Medicine)在线发表了他们的研究结果。JAMA Intern Med 2013 Apr 1;:1-10[Epub ahead of print] 
   “实验研究显示,糖皮质激素使凝血因子和血纤蛋白原水平增加。”作者们写道。“然而,有关外源性糖皮质激素与VTE之间相关性的临床数据很少,并且已有的研究关注的是特殊患者人群,这妨碍了对它们进行比较。”在该研究中,作者们用丹麦全国患者登记识别出VTE或肺栓塞(PE)诊断,排除门诊诊断PE且随后住院诊断VTE的患者、于急诊室诊断的患者和结缔组织病患者。在38765例VTE患者和387650例健康的年龄、性别匹配对照患者中,当前(在过去 90天内的处方药)全身用糖皮质激素与VTE风险升高相关(校正发病率风险比[IRR]2.31;95%可信区间[CI]2.18~2.45)。此外,新使用(在过去90天内首次用处方药)糖皮质激素与VTE风险(校正IRR 3.06;95%CI 2.77~3.38)高于持续使用(校正IRR 2.02;95%CI 1.88~2.17)相关。 
    在一项多变量分析中,研究者们发现,口服糖皮质激素的剂量大于1000 mg但小于2000 mg(校正IRR 1.98;95%CI 1.78~2.20)和大于2000 mg(校正IRR 1.60;95%CI 1.49~1.71)与VTE风险增加额外相关。研究者们校正了该模型的几种因素,包括年龄、性别和典型危险因素(如妊娠期癌症)。对于吸入性糖皮质激素,只有新使用可能升高VTE风险(校正IRR 2.21;95%CI 1.72~2.86)。与此相反的是,对于糖皮质激素,以肠道为靶点的新使用(校正IRR 2.17;95%CI 1.27~3.71)和持续使用(校正IRR 1.76;95%CI 1.22~2.56)均与VTE风险增加相关。该研究的局限性包括缺少有关患者依从性的信息、暴露数据可能左偏以及缺少有关糖皮质激素在医院和门诊使用的信息。 
   “总之,糖皮质激素使用者VTE风险增加,尤其是PE风险。”作者们写道。“尽管残余混杂因素可能部分解释结果,但是临床医师应意识到这种相关性。” 
    在相关的编者按中(JAMA Intern Med 2013 Apr 1;:1]),Mitchell H. Katz(医学博士,美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县卫生服务部)警告医师在开处糖皮质激素时考虑它们的益处与风险。“鉴于已知的糖皮质激素严重不良反应,这项研究明确VTE风险升高并未改变糖皮质激素的适应证,但是这应提醒我们必须确保治疗的潜在益处超过风险,并且做好诊断及治疗血栓栓塞的准备。”

原始文献:

Johannesdottir SA, Horváth-Puhó E, Dekkers OM, Cannegieter SC, Jørgensen JO, Ehrenstein V, Vandenbroucke JP, Pedersen L, Sørensen HT.Use of Glucocorticoids and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism: A Nationwide Population-Based Case-Control Study. JAMA Intern Med. 2013 Apr 1:1-10

类似研究:

Katz MH.Weighing Benefits and Risks: Glucocorticoids and Thromboembolism Comment on "Use of Glucocorticoids and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism"JAMA Intern Med. 2013 Apr 1:1. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.133

Stuijver DJ, Majoor CJ, van Zaane B, Souverein PC, de Boer A, Dekkers OM, Büller HR, Gerdes VE.Use of oral Glucocorticoids and the Risk of Pulmonary Embolism: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.Chest. 2012 Dec 20. doi: 10.1378/chest.12-1446

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    2013-05-03 xue8602
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    2013-05-17 fusion
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