European Radiology:基于T1 mapping的自动机器学习在HCM心肌纤维化方面的应用

2021-12-26 shaosai MedSci原创

肥厚型心肌病(HCM)是最常见的遗传性心肌病,其特点是不明原因的心肌肥厚和纤维化改变。晚期钆增强(LGE)的心脏MRI表现一直被认为是识别心肌纤维化的首要影像学表现。

肥厚型心肌病(HCM)是最常见的遗传性心肌病,其特点是不明原因的心肌肥厚和纤维化改变。晚期钆增强(LGE)的心脏MRI表现一直被认为是识别心肌纤维化的首要影像学表现。然而最近有证据表明,以钆为基础的造影剂在人体组织中长期蓄积,特别是在中枢神经系统中尤为显著,这引起了人们对这种技术安全性的关注。

相比之下,native T1 mapping作为一项不需要使用钆对比剂即可成像的影像学手段,已经成为检测心肌纤维化的一种定量客观的方法。然而,由于信号不均匀性和信号异常分布的细微变化可能会被忽略,因此,T1 mapping上异常区域的信号阈值定义和视觉评估仍十分困难。此外,健康心肌和异常心肌的T1弛豫时间可能存在重叠。

在过去的十年里,放射组学领域有了长足的发展,该技术通过高通量提取许多肉眼无法察觉的定量特征,可提供有关组织变化的影像学生物标志物。在HCM的情况下,使用native T1 mapping的放射组学模型的诊断性能比传统的图像判析更有价值。然而,没有一个放射组学模型能在每个数据集上都有良好的表现。TPOT是一项新兴的自动机器学习系统,可以自动优化机器学习通道以减少人工干预对结果的影响。虽然TPOT模型用于各种临床应用,但该方法在检测HCM患者的心肌纤维化方面的表现尚未见报道。

近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究探讨了应用使用native T1 mapping的TPOT来识别HCM患者的心肌纤维化,为心肌纤维化的自动准确检测及HCM的快速诊断提供了技术支持

本研究对91名HCM患者和44名健康对照者进行了心MRI检查。根据位置匹配的LGE图像,将HCM患者的native T1 mapping分类为LGE(+)或LGE(-)。使用TPOT实现了一个自动ML管道用于3个二元分类:LGE(+)和LGE(-)、LGE(-)和对照以及HCM和对照。TPOT建模重复10次,以获得每个分类的最佳模型。使用敏感性、特异性、准确性和微平均曲线下面积(AUC)来评估各切片和各病例的最佳模型的诊断性能。 

TPOT为3个二元分类中的每个分类生成了10个预测模型。在HCM患者的测试队列中,用最佳管道检测LGE状态所获得的诊断准确率按层面计算为0.80,按病例计算为0.79。此外,TPOT模型还显示了LGE(-)患者和对照组(准确率:切片为0.77;病例为0.78)以及所有HCM患者和对照组(准确率:两者均为0.88)之间的可区分性。 

 有LGE的HCM患者、无LGE的HCM患者和对照组的示例。HCM,肥厚型心肌病;LGE,晚期钆增强。

本研究表明基于放射组学特征的自动ML,使用TPOT进行native T1 mapping分析与HCM的LGE(+)或(-)有很好的相关性,使放射科医生能够实现自动优化ML过程。这项技术有助于可以在无需钆对比剂的情况下临床预测HCM患者的LGE状态提供新的见解。

原文出处

Wan-Lin Peng,Tian-Jing Zhang,Ke Shi,et al.Automatic machine learning based on native T1 mapping can identify myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.DOI:10.1007/s00330-021-08228-7

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    2022-05-02 okhuali
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    2022-01-22 feather89
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    2021-12-28 仁者大医
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