Science:科学家发现控制癌细胞生长的电调控机制

2015-08-27 佚名 生物谷

调控人类细胞生长的分子开关在人的一生当中发挥着重要作用,它们能够调节新生细胞的生长用以替换死亡细胞。但是当这些分子开关发生功能紊乱,就会导致癌症的发生,威胁生命。   在最近一项由美国德克萨斯大学健康科学中心的研究人员领导的一项研究中,他们发现了一种新的电机制能够控制这种分子开关--细胞可以利用细胞膜上的电荷对信号途径的作用强度进行调节。相关研究结果在线发表在著名国际学术期刊Scie

调控人类细胞生长的分子开关在人的一生当中发挥着重要作用,它们能够调节新生细胞的生长用以替换死亡细胞。但是当这些分子开关发生功能紊乱,就会导致癌症的发生,威胁生命。

 
在最近一项由美国德克萨斯大学健康科学中心的研究人员领导的一项研究中,他们发现了一种新的电机制能够控制这种分子开关--细胞可以利用细胞膜上的电荷对信号途径的作用强度进行调节。相关研究结果在线发表在著名国际学术期刊Science上。
 
在这项研究中,研究人员着重研究了K-Ras这一分子开关,有研究表明在美国有20%的癌症病人携带K-Ras突变,并且这些突变使得K-Ras一直保持开启状态。研究人员指出,当K-Ras锁定为开启状态,就会驱动细胞分裂过程,导致癌症的发生。
 
众所周知,所有细胞的细胞膜都存在微小电荷,而在这项最新研究中,研究人员发现细胞携带的电荷与K-Ras信号强度成相反比例。研究人员利用一种高能电子显微镜观察到了细胞膜上一些特定脂质分子能够对电荷产生应答,而这种应答又会进一步调节Ras信号强度,就像是电路板上的一个晶体管一样。
 
该文章的第一作者Yong Zhou博士说道:"之前已经有研究发现许多癌细胞都会活跃地降低它们细胞膜上携带的电荷,但这一现象的原因长久以来都没有得到合理解释,我们的研究结果恰恰填补了这一空白。"
 
总得来说,这项研究为癌症治疗药物的开发提供了重要信息,也对生物学研究有重要提示。
 
原始出处:

Yong Zhou, Ching-On Wong,et al.Membrane potential modulates plasma membrane phospholipid dynamics and K-Ras signaling.Science 21 August 2015: Vol. 349 no. 6250 pp. 873-876 

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    2015-08-29 yxch36
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    2015-08-29 jichang
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  在很多肿瘤中,癌细胞其实是受到了很大的应激压力的。这些应激压力来自很多方面,例如细胞环境中的过氧化物刺激、细胞核变异,同时细胞之间的接触抑制消失导致细胞分布过密而供氧和能量物质不充分。近些年来的研究表明,癌细胞在应激环境下会激活细胞内应激压力反应相关的信号通路来维持细胞代谢的动态平衡,通过这种策略可以保持细胞的持续存活。而细胞内的自噬作为一种主动性的细胞应激压力反应方式,对于肿

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图:左为对照组癌细胞,右为经MCB-613处理的癌细胞癌细胞的分裂繁殖速度已经超乎正常,那如果给点刺激,让癌症细胞长得再快点会出现什么情况?——答案是会“得瑟”而死。这种过度刺激肿瘤生长关键蛋白的候选药物或将作为一种新的方法治疗多种癌症。该方法的工作原理是让癌细胞在应激边缘“不堪重负”而死。这篇文章发表在最新的Cancer Cell杂志。本文资深作者,David Lonard是美国贝勒医学院细胞