Cell Reports:CRISPR挖出大量抗癌靶标

2016-10-24 佚名 生物通

白血病是一种造血系统的恶性肿瘤,俗称“血癌”。急性髓性白血病AML是比较常见的一种白血病,现有治疗药物在临床上的效果并不理想。Wellcome Trust Sanger研究所改良了CRISPR基因编辑技术,并用该技术找到了大量治疗AML的新靶标。这项研究发表在十月十八日的Cell Reports杂志上。细菌一直在与病毒或入侵核酸进行斗争,为此它们演化出了多种防御机制,CRISPR–Cas9适应性免


白血病是一种造血系统的恶性肿瘤,俗称“血癌”。急性髓性白血病AML是比较常见的一种白血病,现有治疗药物在临床上的效果并不理想。Wellcome Trust Sanger研究所改良了CRISPR基因编辑技术,并用该技术找到了大量治疗AML的新靶标。这项研究发表在十月十八日的Cell Reports杂志上。

细菌一直在与病毒或入侵核酸进行斗争,为此它们演化出了多种防御机制,CRISPR–Cas9适应性免疫系统就是其中之一。规律成簇的间隔短回文重复CRISPR与内切酶Cas9的组合,可以在引导RNA的指引下,靶标并切割入侵者的遗传物质。2012年研究者们利用这一特点,将CRISPR系统制成了强大的基因组编辑工具。

研究人员改良过的CRISPR-Cas9能够有效地逐一破坏白血病细胞的所有基因。他们通过这种方式筛选癌细胞的薄弱点,寻找那些影响AML生长和生存的基因。“这是一次鉴定AML基因弱点的系统性尝试,”Sanger 研究所的Dr Kosuke Yusa说。研究显示,近五百个人类基因是白血病细胞不可或缺的,其中两百多个基因可以成为治疗靶标。这些发现为白血病药物研发带来了许多新的可能。

研究人员选择对KAT2A基因进行深入研究。他们发现,抑制KAT2A的确可以影响AML细胞的生长和生存。“KAT2A抑制对多种基因型的AML细胞都有效,这是一个令人振奋的发现,”Dr Konstantinos Tzelepis指出。进一步研究表明,在转基因小鼠的白细胞中破坏KAT2A基因可以抑制AML的发展。当KAT2A基因被破坏时,小鼠的存活期更长。

原始出处

Konstantinos Tzelepis7, Hiroko Koike-Yusa7, Etienne De Braekeleer, Yilong Li.et.al.A CRISPR Dropout Screen Identifies Genetic Vulnerabilities and Therapeutic Targets in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Cell Reports.2016

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    2016-10-26 yuandd
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    2016-10-26 zhaojie88
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    2016-10-25 yushouqiang

    有点炫,深奥

    0

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    2016-10-24 小袁医生

    这个东西也太复杂了吧

    0

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    2016-10-29 维他命
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    2016-10-24 1e0ba702m86(暂无匿称)

    学习到了很多,受益匪浅

    0

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    2016-10-24 1e0ba702m86(暂无匿称)

    很有用处,了解了不少

    0

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