Euro Radio:放射组学在预测3年内急性冠状动脉综合征中的应用

2022-01-05 shaosai MedSci原创

急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)往往是冠状动脉疾病(CAD)的首要临床表现,也是世界上大多数人死亡的主要原因。

急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)往往是冠状动脉疾病(CAD)的首要临床表现,也是世界上大多数人死亡的主要原因。作为一种广泛使用的无创成像方式,冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)能够对冠状动脉斑块进行准确的描述和量化,是临床首选的影像学检查手段。由于斑块破裂是一个复杂的生物力学过程,易损斑块是否发展为ACS受多种因素影响。其中,血管炎症是斑块形成和破裂的关键因素,进而影响后续ACS的发生。因此,结合斑块特征和血管炎症的综合评价会进一步提高ACS的预测能力。

已有研究证实,血管壁和冠状动脉周围脂肪组织(PCAT)之间存在着恒定的双向进程。Antonopoulos AS等人提出了一种新的影像学生物标志物--脂肪衰减指数(FAI),它可以捕捉到PCAT的CT衰减变化,并进一步揭示血管炎症诱发的PCAT组成的变化。最近的临床研究表明,通过CCTA测量的PCAT衰减可能有助于识别高危斑块(HRP)的进展,提高对不良心脏事件的预测。然而,PCAT成分的变化不仅与血管炎症有关,也与以纤维化和血管为特征的脂肪组织重塑功能失调有关。因此,这种仅依靠CT衰减来反映PCAT组成的变化而不考虑体素间复杂的空间关系的方法可能会导致病理之间的部分重叠,影响最终的判断

放射组学是指将数字医学图像转换为可挖掘的高维数据的过程,高通量提取定量图像特征以提供临床决策支持。放射组学最初应用于肿瘤学,已被逐渐应用于冠状动脉病变和心肌。

近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究开发一个基于CCTA的冠状动脉病变周围PCAT的放射组学特征,以识别患者未来3年内的ACS发生率为临床对患者进行准确的风险分层及评估提供了参考依据

本研究对ACS患者(n = 90)与3年随访期间无心脏事件的患者(n = 1496)进行了良好的匹配,然后以3:1的比例随机分为训练和测试数据集。从PCAT周围的病变中共提取了107个放射组学特征,并对14个常规斑块特征进行了分析。通过对所选特征的线性组合,分别计算出放射组学评分、斑块评分和综合评分,并对其性能进行了鉴别、校准和临床应用的评估。 

与斑块评分(AUC=0.699,0.640)相比,在训练和测试数据集中,放射组学评分在识别3年内未来ACS患者方面取得了优异的表现(AUC=0.826,0.811),在训练数据集中,两个评分的AUC差异明显(P=0.009);而综合评分的鉴别能力的并未明显提高(AUC=0.838,0.826)。三个预测模型的校准曲线分别显示了良好的适配性(所有的P>0.05)。决策曲线分析表明,综合评分比斑块评分增加了更多的临床效益。分层分析显示,三个预测模型的性能不受管电压、CT版本、医院不同部位的影响。 

 

 综合模型列线图。在训练数据集中开发了综合评分列线图,其中包括最小管腔直径(MLD)、高危斑块(HRP)和所选放射组学特征的Rad评分。

本研究表明,基于CCTA的PCAT的放射组学特征可提高后续ACS的预测能力。同时基于放射组学的综合评分在识别未来3年内的ACS方面明显优于斑块评分。

原文出处

Jin Shang,Shaowei Ma,Yan Guo,et al.Prediction of acute coronary syndrome within 3 years using radiomics signature of pericoronary adipose tissue based on coronary computed tomography angiography.DOI:10.1007/s00330-021-08109-z

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    2022-06-09 feather89
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    2022-01-06 QING1789

    很好

    0

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    2022-01-05 ms20000019

    1

    0

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    2022-01-05 坚定的心

    学习了

    0

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