Br J Haematol:新发现可揭开运动员使用血液兴奋剂的面纱

2021-06-23 Viho MedSci原创

红细胞(RBC)输血是住院病人最常见的治疗方法。红细胞单位可冷藏最多42天,并在储存过程中经历各种生化和形态变化(储存损伤)。然而,储存对红细胞转录组的影响还没有得到很好的研究。

红细胞(RBC)输血是住院病人最常见的治疗方法。红细胞单位可冷藏最多42天,并在储存过程中经历各种生化和形态变化(储存损伤)。然而,储存对红细胞转录组的影响还没有得到很好的研究.对于运动员在比赛中是否使用血液兴奋剂,虽然已经开发出了检测三种最常见的大幅提高选手血液携氧能力的方法中的两种,但所谓的 "自体 "或自我输血一直无法检测。

最近发表在British Journal of Haemotology杂志上,杜克大学的一个研究小组已经找到了一种方法,来帮助体育官员检测运动员的血液是否被注入了他们自己储存的血液。

自体输血是在比赛前抽取运动员的部分血液,只筛选出红细胞,然后在比赛前将这些细胞输回运动员体内,以提高血液携带氧气的能力,而氧气是肌肉表现的重要燃料。世界反兴奋剂机构(WADA)迄今为止使用的最佳检测方法是 "运动员护照",它将赛前的血样与比赛时的血样进行比较,以查看生物化学是否有 "重大 "变化。

研究人员在红血球中研究的是核酸,特别是RNA。长期以来,人们认为红细胞缺乏核酸,因为它们不携带细胞核,而在细胞核中通常会找到DNA。尽管一度被认为缺乏核酸,但rbc实际上含有丰富多样的rna物种。在这些RNA中,有一些被称为microRNAs(miRNA)的短RNA片段,它们通常用于控制细胞中蛋白质的生产。

研究人员从志愿者身上抽取了三个单位的血液,并对其进行了处理,以去除几乎所有的白细胞和大约80%的血浆,留下了相对纯净的红细胞样本,就像自体输血所要求的那样。提取并分析了从这些细胞中提取的RNA样本,时间间隔为1天至42天。将后来的样本与第1天的样本进行比较时,与储存有关的RNA变化变得明显。两种类型的miRNA在储存期间数量增加,两种下降。其中一种增加的形式,称为miR-720,具有最显著和一致的变化。

红细胞储存过程中“miR-720”表达增加

在储存的rbc中加入重组血管素紧张素可进一步增强“miR-720”的诱导作用。相反,免疫耗竭法去除红细胞裂解液中的血管紧张素能显著降低tRNA的裂解率。这些数据表明rbcs中的Ang对tRNA有贡献。在红细胞储存过程中切割产生“miR-720”。

血管紧张素(Angiogenin促进了储存的RBCsmiR-720的增加

这些数据表明红细胞储存与显著和可复制的“miR-720”诱导有关。而“miR-720”的增加是引起储存红细胞miRNAs增加的原因之一。这是第一项强调“miR-720”急剧增加的研究,并利用生化特性来解释Ang的潜在机制作用。这种可复制和新颖的储存红细胞特征可作为监测储存红细胞的生物标志物。

在未来,它将有很大的兴趣来确定高表达的miR-720在储存的红细胞以及内皮细胞和巨噬细胞中的任何功能作用。另一个可能的应用是血液兴奋剂的调查。虽然运动员的自体输血很难用常规检测来识别,但根据红细胞的存在,可以检测到miR-720水平明显高于正常循环细胞的红细胞。需要更进一步的研究,以确定在红细胞储存期间刺激血管紧张素活化的信号,以及激活血管紧张素、连续RNA处理和/或miR-720诱导在红细胞老化和红细胞储存损害的发展中的作用。

文章参考:Wen-Hsuan Yang, Jennifer Doss, Katelyn Walzer, Shannon McNulty, Jianli Wu, John Roback and Jen-Tsan Chi. Angiogenin-mediated tRNA Cleavage as a Novel Feature of Stored Red Blood CellsBritish Journal of Haemotology, Oct. 18, 2018 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15605

 

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    2021-10-15 changfy
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    2021-06-25 fengyi812
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    2021-06-25 gujh
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    2021-06-23 川贝

    学习了

    0

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    学习了,涨知识了!

    0

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