STM:华人科学家开发埃博拉出血热新疗法获进展

2013-10-24 新华网 新华网

埃博拉病毒致死率非常高,且缺乏有效疗法。加拿大华人生物学家邱香果(Xiangguo Qiu)等人在美国《科学-转化医学》杂志上报告说,他们开发出一种三联单克隆抗体与干扰素联合疗法,在动物实验中可挽回受病毒感染的实验猴生命,为治愈由埃博拉病毒导致的出血热带来新希望。埃博拉病毒于上世纪 70 年代在中非被首次发现,它能在很短时间内在感染者体内大量增殖,迅速制服人体免疫系统。病情严重时,很多患者会在感染

埃博拉病毒致死率非常高,且缺乏有效疗法。加拿大华人生物学家邱香果(Xiangguo Qiu)等人在美国《科学-转化医学》杂志上报告说,他们开发出一种三联单克隆抗体与干扰素联合疗法,在动物实验中可挽回受病毒感染的实验猴生命,为治愈由埃博拉病毒导致的出血热带来新希望。
埃博拉病毒于上世纪 70 年代在中非被首次发现,它能在很短时间内在感染者体内大量增殖,迅速制服人体免疫系统。病情严重时,很多患者会在感染后一周或出现明显病症三四天后死亡。目前,无论对感染埃博拉病毒的人还是动物,都没有治疗办法或疫苗,极少数正在研制的药物须在病毒感染后几分钟内使用才可见效。


邱香果团队在研究报告中指出,此前研究的疗法都是非特异性支持疗法,效果不佳,死亡率高。该团队使用三联单克隆抗体的特异性免疫治疗方法,再加上干扰素的抗病毒功能协助,从而使治疗效果显著提高。

邱香果表示,上述三联单克隆抗体就像3种“个头很小但威力强大的导弹,‘轰击’病毒外膜的3个不同区域,从而干扰病毒的生命周期,降低病毒在机体中的增殖能力”。

据介绍,他们的研究使用两种动物:食蟹猴和恒河猴。食蟹猴对埃博拉病毒比较敏感,感染后6到8天死亡。恒河猴的感染过程更接近人类,病毒感染后8到11天死亡。研究者将这两种猴分别编为两组,每组 6 只,其中4只接受新方法治疗,对其余两只用来比对的猴子则不予治疗。新疗法在猴子感染病毒后3天开始实施,此时猴子已出现病毒血症和部分临床症状。

结果发现,未经治疗的食蟹猴和恒河猴分别于感染 6 天和 8 天后死亡。而接受治疗的4只食蟹猴中有3只存活,生存率达75%,4只恒河猴则全部存活。

邱香果说:“三联单克隆抗体与干扰素联合疗法在治疗埃博拉病毒感染的道路上又向前迈进了一步,这个研究所用的实验动物与人很接近,使人类由埃博拉病毒导致的出血热更有望治愈,有可能会打破这种恶性传染病‘无法治疗’的困境。”他们计划在 2014 年或 2015 年开始对这一联合疗法开展一期人类临床试验。

原文出处:

Xiangguo Qiu, Gary Wong, Lisa Fernando, Jonathan Audet, Alexander Bello, Jim Strong, Judie B. Alimonti, and Gary P. Kobinger.mAbs and Ad-Vectored IFN-α Therapy Rescue Ebola-Infected Nonhuman Primates When Administered After the Detection of Viremia and Symptoms.Sci Transl Med 16 October 2013 5:207ra143. DOI:10.1126/scitranslmed.3006605

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    2014-04-03 gdsun
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    2013-10-26 kcb074
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    2013-10-26 qilu_qi
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