Radiology:哺乳期女性若发现可触及的乳房肿块该怎么办?

2021-07-21 shaosai MedSci原创

随着时代的快速发展,推迟生育已成为越来越普遍的趋势。2018年,18.3%的新生儿是高龄产妇(美国妇产科医师学会将高龄产妇定义为35岁或35岁以上)所生。

随着时代的快速发展,推迟生育已成为越来越普遍的趋势。2018年,18.3%的新生儿是高龄产妇(美国妇产科医师学会将高龄产妇定义为35岁或35岁以上)所生。自1989年以来,40岁以上的产妇数量已经翻了一倍多。随着越来越多的女性推迟分娩以致推迟哺乳,怀孕相关乳腺癌(PABC)的患病率也随之增加。PABC定义为在怀孕期间、产后12个月内或哺乳期间的任何时间发生的乳腺恶性肿瘤。哺乳期妇女由于乳房充血、乳腺组织密度增加等原因,使得哺乳期妇女诊断PABC更具挑战。女性孕期和哺乳期乳腺癌意识的缺乏可能导致诊断和治疗的延误。PABC通常表现出极高的侵袭性,尤其是产后和35岁以上的女性更为明显。因此在这一人群中,对乳腺癌进行准确的影像学评估和诊断越来越重要。

可触及的乳腺肿块是乳腺癌最常见的临床表现。目前的指南推荐使用超声作为孕妇和哺乳期女性可触及肿块的一线成像手段,但关于30岁及以上哺乳期妇女的相关数据及研究十分有限。

近日,发表在Radiology杂志的一项研究评估了超声成像作为评估哺乳期妇女可触及乳腺肿块的主要成像手段的诊断性能,为临床进一步优化哺乳期女性的乳腺癌筛查流程及成像方式的选择提供了参考依据及理论支持。

在17年的时间里(2000年1月至2017年7月),本研究对在哺乳期有可触及乳房肿块的女性进行了回顾性的分析。所有的超声评价都是在诊断评估中进行的,乳腺钼靶检查是在放射科医生的斟酌下进行的。同时收集了乳腺影像学报告和数据系统评估、影像学资料和病理结果。在患者水平进行描述性统计和2 × 2列联表评估。

本研究共纳入167名女性(平均年龄,35岁±5[标准差]),其中101名(60%)为高龄产妇(≥35岁)。所有的女性都接受了超声检查,同时有98名(59%)的女性在接受超声检查的同时还接受了钼靶检查。乳腺癌的发生率为5/167(3.0%)。超声的敏感性和特异性分别为100%(95%置信区间[CI]: 48%,100%)和70%(95% CI: 63%, 77%)。阴性预测值、异常成像报告的阳性预测值、活检的阳性预测值分别为114/114 (100%;95% CI: 97%,100%)、5/53(9.4%;95% CI: 3%,21%)和5/50 (10%;95%CI:3%、22%)。在还接受了钼靶检查在的98名女性中,钼靶检查发现了7个偶然的可疑病灶,特异性从62/93(67%;95%CI:56%,76%)下降到到57/ 93 (61%;95% CI: 51%,71%) (P = .02)。

图 40岁哺乳期女性,右侧乳腺发现一个新的可触及的肿块。(a)超声图像显示可触及部位一个2.4 cm低回声、边缘模糊的不规则实性肿块(箭头)。乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)评估为4类。超声引导下穿刺活检显示为浸润性导管癌。(b)头尾位、(c)中外侧斜位、(d)放大后的中外位乳腺钼靶显示,右乳房可触及部位(感兴趣区域,b-d)乳腺组织密度不均,并伴有少量无定形钙化。BI-RADS评估为4类。超声引导下穿刺活检显示为浸润性导管癌。

在对这一系列症状性哺乳期女性患者的影像资料的评估中我们发现,本研究结果支持使用超声作为评估哺乳期女性(包括高龄产妇)可触及乳腺肿块的主要影像学手段。同时我们还发现,增加乳腺钼靶检查仅仅增加了假阳性率,而没有提供任何附加的乳腺癌诊断。

原文出处:

Maggie Chung,Jessica H Hayward,Genevieve A Woodard,et al.US as the Primary Imaging Modality in the Evaluation of Palpable Breast Masses in Breastfeeding Women, Including Those of Advanced Maternal Age.DOI:10.1148/radiol.2020201036

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    2021-07-23 cnxcy
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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1664818, encodeId=657816648180b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=21e2236404d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#乳房肿块#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23640, encryptionId=21e2236404d, topicName=乳房肿块)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=831025846607, createdName=12498cf9m43(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Mar 05 19:47:30 CST 2022, time=2022-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1286245, encodeId=4284128624593, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ac4f3996e0f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#哺乳期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39967, encryptionId=ac4f3996e0f, topicName=哺乳期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e05e201, createdName=appleandpeer, createdTime=Fri Jul 23 10:47:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1412054, encodeId=7420141205462, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=951b82e63ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿块#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82763, encryptionId=951b82e63ff, topicName=肿块)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c58f2824468, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Fri Jul 23 10:47:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1514040, encodeId=af541514040ba, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=845339961b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#哺乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39961, encryptionId=845339961b7, topicName=哺乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c8fd10610597, createdName=ms1065684921169360, createdTime=Fri Jul 23 10:47:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1001493, encodeId=7d8310014931a, content=高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210721/0bf5f727d5fb4f3a8cf82a0c93693a76/cf97d155684f43509e1bfec0587b7d25.jpg, createdBy=291f5157511, createdName=大家好, createdTime=Wed Jul 21 21:10:40 CST 2021, time=2021-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1001484, encodeId=0997100148447, content=不断学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210313/9df56058b3964a8cac82563f95f0389d/c1b478592e8e4463bef44d32712e98fd.jpg, createdBy=ea905324251, createdName=SR~young海东, createdTime=Wed Jul 21 20:50:48 CST 2021, time=2021-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-21 大家好

    0

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    2021-07-21 SR~young海东

    不断学习

    0

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